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Ryu Young-sang, CEO of South Korean telecoms giant SK Telecom, told CNBC that AI is helping telecoms firms improve efficiency in their networks.

Manaure Quintero | Afp | Getty Images

BARCELONA — Global telecommunications firms are talking up advances in key technologies like artificial intelligence as they look to transition away from being perceived as the “dumb pipes” behind the internet.

At the Mobile World Congress technology conference in Barcelona, CEOs of multiple telecoms companies described how they’re piling money into new technological innovations, including AI, next-generation 5G and 6G networks, satellite internet and even smart cities.

Makoto Takahashi, president and CEO of Japanese telecom giant KDDI, detailed plans to build a smart city dubbed Takanawa Gateway City in Tokyo, as well as roll out direct-to-cell satellite internet connectivity in partnership with Elon Musk’s Starlink venture.

Ralph Mupita, the CEO of Africa’s largest mobile network operator MTN, also took to the stage to share how the company has made significant strides toward becoming a company that offers both wireless connectivity and fintech services such as payments, e-commerce, insurance, lending and remittances.

“The telco business has served us well. It has iterated since. But the future is really about the future of platforms,” Mupita said in his keynote talk, adding the company has invested aggressively into other areas such as media streaming and financial services.

From ‘dumb pipes’ to ‘techcos’

Some lingo that has gathered steam in the telco industry for the last couple of years is the phrase “techco,” a portmanteau of the words “telco” and “tech.”

Watch CNBC's full interview with Deutsche Telekom CEO: 'Europe has to wake up'

The term refers to the idea of a telco firm that operates more like a tech company — one that invests in cutting-edge technology and offers digital services to consumers to help them make money from the significant capital expenditures they’ve allocated to upgrading their wireless networks.

For two decades, tech giants such as Meta, Google, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft and Netflix have flourished in a world where content can be delivered directly to people’s devices, consumers can communicate seamlessly with one another, and data can be stored or streamed online without having to own cumbersome infrastructure — all thanks to innovations like the internet, smartphones and the cloud.

However, these innovations have disrupted telecom firms’ business models, to the point where they’re now often perceived as legacy players that are only there to lay down the cables and other network infrastructure that enable internet connectivity.

It’s a dilemma that’s earned telco brands the pejorative term “dumb pipes.”

“I remember early in the industry, even before mobile internet when SMS used to be the killer app,” Hatem Dowidar, CEO of UAE state-owned telecom company e&, said in a keynote speech at MWC. “We used to make messaging revenue. We used to make voice revenue.”

“All this over the years got disrupted by over-the-top players, to the point that today, a lot of telcos around the world are reduced to being a pipe of packets just getting data across the networks,” Dowidar added. “And competition is not staying still. They have the scale, they have the investment to go and disrupt even further.”

Telcos embrace AI

Ryu Young-sang, CEO of SK Telecom, told CNBC’s Arjun Kharpal that the South Korean telecoms giant has looked to AI technology to help it improve the efficiency of its wireless network — something that was consistently on display at numerous telco operators’ booths at MWC.

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“For telcos, there are two aspects of AI. One is as a user, the other is as a supplier,” said Young-sang. “As a user, you are a telco business, you can improve your network efficiency, marketing and customer service by using the AI technology. You can improve your own operations.”

“The other aspect is, AI can be a growth engine, a new business opportunity for telcos,” he added. Data centers, the facilities that offer computing capacity needed to run generative AI applications like ChatGPT, are another key area where telcos like SK Telecom can play a key role, Young-sang said.

In the Western world, the race to build data centers is one that’s been mostly dominated by cloud computing giants — or “hyperscalers” — such as Amazon, Microsoft and Google. However, SK Telecom is aggressively expanding AI-ready data centers of its own globally, according to the firm’s CEO.

Can telcos catch up on tech?

For many telecom industry analysts, chatter about telcos seeking to transform themselves into tech players isn’t entirely new — companies in the industry have long been aware their relevance in communications and media has been dwindling.

Kester Mann, director of consumer and connectivity at market research firm CCS Insight, told CNBC that while he’s not a great fan of the “techco” term, it’s something the industry continues to focus on and has gathered pace in the context of the AI boom.

“AI can influence so many areas … and obviously that does play to that trend around telco to techco and operators positioning themselves more than just a connectivity provider,” Mann said.

Imperative that Western world leads on AI, says Bret Taylor

So-called “autonomous networks,” or networks that can be managed and fixed with limited human oversight, is an area that’s quickly gaining traction in the industry, according to Nik Willetts, CEO of telco industry association TM Forum.

“Autonomous Networks is a movement we see moving from theory to reality incredibly quickly, thanks to advancements in AI combined with a new level of ambition and industry-wide action,” Willetts said.

This tech “can unlock a step-change in operating and capital efficiency, improving EBITDA and free cashflows, as well as unlocking new revenue opportunities and much-needed improvements in customer experience,” he added.

Jeetu Patel, chief product officer of IT networking giant Cisco, said he sees telcos playing a vital role as AI drives up demand for network traffic and bandwidth.

“The reality is this: the network bandwidth appetite is going to increase exponentially with AI,” Patel told CNBC. “Today, 100% of our workforce is human. Tomorrow, you will have that being augmented by AI agents, robots, humanoids, a lot of edge devices.”

“These agents are going to be more chatty and they’re going to require more network traffic and bandwidth,” he added. “I think service providers have a significant role to play. In my mind, the opportunity is not gone for them.”

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Baidu, once China’s generative AI leader, is battling to regain its position

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Baidu, once China’s generative AI leader, is battling to regain its position

Pictured here is the Ernie bot mobile interface, with the Baidu search engine home page in the background.

Future Publishing | Future Publishing | Getty Images

Chinese tech giant Baidu has released two new free-to-use artificial intelligence models as it vies to regain its leading position in the country’s fiercely competitive AI space. 

The Baidu models launched Sunday included the company’s first reasoning-focused model, and come ahead of plans to move toward an open-source strategy. 

However, experts told CNBC that while the release of the models is a positive development for Baidu, they also highlight how it is playing catch up as its Ernie bot — one of China’s earliest versions of a ChatGPT-like chatbot — struggles to gain widespread adoption. 

“The new models make Baidu more competitive since the company has been lagging behind in a reasoning model release,” Lian Jye Su, chief analyst at Omdia, told CNBC.

A reasoning model is a large language model that breaks down tasks into smaller pieces and considers multiple approaches before generating a response. It is designed to process complex problems in a similar way to humans.

Chinese startup DeepSeek upended the global AI race and transformed China’s ecosystem in January when it released its R1 reasoning model, which rivaled American competitors despite costing a fraction of the price.

Baidu has said its new ERNIE X1 reasoning model “delivers performance on par with DeepSeek R1 at only half the price,” and has “stronger understanding, planning, reflection, and evolution capabilities.” CNBC has not been able to independently verify this claim.

According to Wei Sun, principal analyst of artificial intelligence at Counterpoint Research, Baidu’s future competitiveness could hinge on whether its new models deliver on the promised performance and cost advantages. 

“Baidu is clearly in catch-up mode, largely due to its slow innovation pace and underestimating rapid shifts in market dynamics,” Sun said. 

What happened? 

Baidu rolled out its first generative AI platform to the public in 2023, giving China one of its first answers to OpenAI’s popular AI chatbot ChatGPT. 

However, despite initial momentum, Baidu’s Ernie product has since been eclipsed by competitors including startups as well as large-tech companies such as Alibaba and ByteDance.

Experts list a number of reasons for Baidu’s struggles and slow rate of innovation.

“Baidu fell behind when they tried to build proprietary models and compete for funding for AI,” Ray Wang, principal analyst and founder of Constellation Research, told CNBC. He added that the company has also suffered from recent government crackdowns and was distracted by “regulatory nonsense.” 

CFOTO | Future Publishing | Getty Images

Proprietary models keep their source code and underlying architecture confidential, in contrast to models from the likes of DeepSeek, whose source code is made freely available on the open web for possible modification and redistribution.

“Using a closed-source approach means that [Baidu] was training its model from scratch whereas the open-source models were able to leverage certain parts that were communal to developers,” said Kai Wang, a senior equity analyst for Morningstar. 

Baidu, however, said last month that it would make its next-generation AI model Ernie open-source from June 30, according to Reuters.

“Baidu has always been very supportive of its proprietary business model and was vocal against open source, but disruptors like DeepSeek have proven that open source models can be as competitive,” said Omdia’s Su. 

He added that Baidu is “merely following the footstep” of its biggest competitors in China, namely Alibaba, DeepSeek, and Tencent, which have all now released open-source models. 

Baidu’s advantages

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Baidu shares jump 10% following release of new open-source AI models

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Baidu shares jump 10% following release of new open-source AI models

ZHEJIANG, CHINA – MARCH 16 2023: A view of the logo of ERNIE Bot, an AI chatbot service developed by Chinese search engine Baidu, March 16, 2023.

Long Wei | Future Publishing | Getty Images

Shares of Chinese tech giant Baidu were trading up 10.7% in Asia on Tuesday, as investors appeared to react positively to the release of two new AI models over the weekend.  

Baidu released two new artificial intelligence models on Sunday, including the latest version of its foundational “Ernie” model and a new reasoning model that it said rivaled DeepSeek’s R1 model. CNBC is not able to verify these claims.

A reasoning model is a large language model designed to process complex problems in a similar way to humans, breaking prompts down into smaller pieces and considering multiple approaches before generating responses. 

According to Kai Wang, a senior equity analyst for Morningstar, the stock jump is likely a “delayed reaction” to the new models as Baidu vies to regain a leading position in China’s AI space. 

“The stock also hasn’t gotten as much love as the other hyperscalers but still it’s a platform that stands to benefit from greater AI demand since enterprises will need someone to help them with hosting, scaling, and computing power,” he said.

A hyperscaler refers to a major cloud computing company that provides massive data centers for computing storage and demands.

Baidu said on Sunday that its ERNIE X1 reasoning model “delivers performance on par with DeepSeek R1 at only half the price,” and has “stronger understanding, planning, reflection, and evolution capabilities.”

Chinese AI start-up DeepSeek upended the AI industry in January when it released its R1 open-source reasoning model, which rivaled models of American competitors, despite claims it was produced at a fraction of the cost and with far less powerful chips.

DeepSeek quickly overtook Baidu in China’s AI race, despite the company being one of the first in the market to launch a ChatGPT-like chatbot with its Ernie Bot, according to Wei Sun, principal analyst of artificial intelligence at Counterpoint Research, who noted other tech giants like Alibaba and Bytedance have also pulled ahead.

“Baidu’s competitiveness hinges on whether its new models truly deliver on the promised performance and cost advantages,” Sun said, noting, however, that AI pricing, particularly in China’s market, is highly fluid.

Baidu’s latest models, similarly to DeepSeek’s R1, have been released as open-sourced, meaning the source code is freely available on the open web for possible modification and redistribution. 

This represents a change from Baidu’s prior strategy of focusing on proprietary models. 

“By open-sourcing its models, Baidu seeks to once again position its technology as an industry standard, strengthening its influence in the AI community and expand its market share,” said Sun.

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Software startup Rippling sues competitor Deel, claiming a spy carried out ‘corporate espionage’

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Software startup Rippling sues competitor Deel, claiming a spy carried out 'corporate espionage'

Co-founder & CEO of Rippling Parker Conrad speaks onstage during the TechCrunch Disrupt conference in San Francisco on Oct. 20, 2022

Kimberly White | TechCrunc | Getty Images

Human resources software startup Rippling sued competitor Deel in federal district court on Monday, claiming that “Deel cultivated a spy” to orchestrate a trade-secret theft.

The employee met with Deel executives and passed internal Rippling records to a reporter, according to San Francisco-based Rippling’s complaint in the U.S. District Court for California’s Northern District.

Rippling claimed in the filing Deel violated the 1970 Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act and misappropriated trade secrets.

The two startups are among the most world’s most valuable. Investors valued Rippling at $13.5 billion in a funding round announced last year, while Deel told media outlets in 2023 that it was worth $12 billion. Deel ranked No. 28 on CNBC’s 2024 Disruptor 50 list.

“Weeks after Rippling is accused of violating sanctions law in Russia and seeding falsehoods about Deel, Rippling is trying to shift the narrative with these sensationalized claims,” a Deel spokesperson told CNBC in an email. “We deny all legal wrongdoing and look forward to asserting our counterclaims.”

Rippling confirmed its findings earlier this month. The company’s general counsel sent a letter to three Deel executives that referred to a new Slack channel, and the Deel spy quickly looked for it. Rippling subsequently served a court order to the spy at its office in Dublin, Ireland requiring him to preserve information on his mobile phone.

“Deel’s spy lied to the court-appointed solicitor about the location of his phone, and then locked himself in a bathroom — seemingly in order to delete evidence from his phone — all while the independent solicitor repeatedly warned him not to delete materials from his device and that his non-compliance was breaching a court order with penal endorsement,” Rippling said in Monday’s filing. “The spy responded: ‘I’m willing to take that risk.’ He then fled the premises.”

Rippling hired the person whom it calls the Deel spy for a management role in 2023, as the two companies were becoming more competitive, the filing says. Deel had used Rippling’s software, but Rippling opted to not renew Deel’s contract, according to the legal filing.

The spy repeatedly accessed information about Rippling customers, quotes, sales calls, demos and support requests in internal Slack repositories, according to the filing. He found and downloaded Rippling’s guidance on how to go up against Deel for prospective business, too, the filing says.

Then, in February, a reporter at The Information sent an inquiry to Rippling that included Slack messages from inside Rippling, which the startup concluded were collected by the Deel spy, the filing says. Additionally, email records suggest that the spy met with Deel executives in December, Rippling said in the complaint.

“We always prefer to win by building the best products and we don’t turn to the legal system lightly,” Parker Conrad, Rippling’s co-founder and CEO, said in a Monday X post. “But we are taking this extraordinary step to send a clear message that this type of misconduct has no place in our industry.”

This isn’t Conrad’s first legal entanglement over data access. In 2015, ADP dropped a defamation lawsuit that claimed his previous HR startup, Zenefits, had obtained information from clients in order to provide them with payment processing services.

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