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Vladimir Putin will break any peace agreement with Ukraine that is not “defended” by an international coalition of forces, the British prime minister has said.

Sir Keir Starmer was talking on Thursday as he visited a UK base to meet a group of senior military officers from more than 30 nations tasked with turning a political desire to support Kyiv into an actionable plan to help protect the country from land, sea and air in the event of a ceasefire.

But, with Donald Trump pushing hard for Russia and Ukraine to stop fighting now, there are concerns among analysts that the “coalition of the willing” – led by the UK and France – will be overtaken by events, with peace declared before it has time to get its act together.

In a sign of the challenge, the southern Ukrainian city of Odesa was struck on Thursday night by what its governor described as a “massive” Russian drone attack even as the US president talked up the prospects for peace.

US negotiators are set to meet separately with Ukrainian and Russian officials in Saudi Arabia on Monday to try to make progress on a ceasefire.

Mr Trump also claimed he was on the brink of signing an economic deal with Ukraine – something that has been trailed for weeks as a key step in strengthening US-Ukraine relations and locking in Washington’s support for Kyiv’s future, but has yet to materialise.

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Clearly alive to the urgency to act, Sir Keir greeted the group of visiting military planners at the UK’s Permanent Joint Headquarters at Northwood, on the edge of London.

They gathered around a large map of Ukraine spread out across a table.

“Now is the time to be doing this,” the prime minister told the officers from a range of European and other allied countries, including Turkey, the Netherlands and Canada. Ukrainian officers were also present as well as NATO officials.

“We don’t know what the outcome of any [peace] talks is going to be, but we do know that if there is a deal, it’s important to have done the preparation beforehand.”

Vladimir Putin speaks during the Congress of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs in Moscow.
Pic: Reuters
Image:
Russian President Vladimir Putin.
Pic: Reuters

The size and shape of what Western officials have described as a “reassurance force” for Ukraine are unclear – so too what kind of military headquarters would command it.

Initial briefings on the concept suggested it could involve thousands of troops deployed to cities and to protect critical infrastructure such as nuclear power stations, but kept back from frontline areas, while Royal Air Force warplanes and other countries’ jets would protect Ukraine’s skies, and various navies, including the Royal Navy, would help secure the sea.

Yet, without US support, the European offer, even with backing from other aligned nations such as Canada, would not act as much of a deterrence to Russia.

And that is if the coalition is ready to deploy in time for any ceasefire.

Read more:
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The ‘coalition of the willing’ that could secure peace in Ukraine

The British prime minister said peace would only endure if “it is a defended deal”.

He offered a sense of what the military planners have been tasked with delivering after the political leaders of all the countries involved agreed to work together to help Ukraine.

“What’s happening here is turning that political intention into reality – the concept into plans, whether that’s in relation to what might happen at sea or air or defending borders,” Sir Keir said.

“But it is vitally important we do that work because we know one thing for certain, which is a deal without anything behind it is something that Putin will breach.

“We know that because it’s happened before. And I’m absolutely clear in my mind it will happen again.”

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Mum left ‘looking over’ shoulder as son’s killer still walking free months after murder 

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Mum left 'looking over' shoulder as son's killer still walking free months after murder 

The mother of a teenage boy who was shot dead has urged the public to come forward with any information which could help find her son’s killer eight months on. 

Rene Graham was just 15 years old when he was killed in Emslie Horniman’s Pleasance Park, Ladbroke Grove, on 21 July 2024.

He had been attending a warm-up event for the Notting Hill Carnival with friends. But the family fun day turned into tragedy when Rene was gunned down in front of hundreds of revellers.

Rene Graham. Pic: PA
Image:
Rene Graham. Pic: PA

“It’s broken, shattered my life… It’s killing me on the inside,” says his mother Janay John-Francois, who says her son was a “vibrant” teenager, with the “biggest heart”.

“I’m fuming about it. I’m fuming because right now it seems I’m not going to get justice for my son,” says Ms John-Francois.

“How does that happen?” his mother asks. “In broad daylight with over a thousand people in that small park?… it’s beyond me.”

Janay John-Francois and Rene
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Janay John-Francois and Rene

Ms John-Francois says the grieving process cannot begin until she has answers and she will not feel safe until her son’s killer is caught.

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“I go down that road and I am looking over my shoulder. I don’t know who it could be, and that messes up your head. Because you are thinking, is my family safe? Do they know who I am?” says Ms John-Francois.

“You can’t live like that,” she adds.

The Metropolitan Police says it has issued four separate police appeals and continues to appeal for witnesses to come forward with information.

But it says the response so far has been “minimal”.

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“We know from reviewing CCTV from inside the park that many people were filming on the day, and these videos could hold crucial information for us,” says DCI Alison Foxwell, who is leading the investigation.

“We urge anybody with footage to contact police on 101 with the reference 01/621769/24 as soon as possible,” she adds.

Janay John-Francois
Image:
Ms John-Francois

But Ms John-Francois holds others accountable.

For much of his life, Rene had been in care.

His mother admits she wasn’t always able to support her child in the ways he needed.

“I put my hands up and say that I was young, I was 15. I could have done a lot of things differently,” says Ms John-Francois.

Ms John-Francois
Image:
Ms John-Francois showing pictures of Rene

But she says she believes her son was not properly protected when he was removed from her care. And this, she says, is unforgivable.

“They weren’t as involved as they should have been,” Ms John-Francois says.

“He had no structure in his life. No school, nothing for five years… and down to all of that, he ended up where he was, living the life he was living.”

“They failed him and I need them to take responsibility for that,” she adds.

A spokesperson for Westminster City Council said: “We do our best in complicated circumstances to help young people as they grow up. We supported Rene over several years and every decision the council made was driven by Rene’s welfare and with his family’s involvement.”

They added: “The loss of a child, in such horrific circumstances, is impossible to imagine and we continue to express our deepest sympathy to Rene’s mother and his whole family.”

But Ms John-Francois says she does not want or need sympathy. Instead, she says she wants to ensure other children at not “failed” in similar ways.

More importantly, she wants her son’s killer found and justice brought.

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Heathrow shutdown is embarrassing at best – but at worst it points to serious vulnerabilities in UK infrastructure

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Heathrow shutdown is embarrassing at best - but at worst it points to serious vulnerabilities in UK infrastructure

An electrical substation fire and an entire airport shut down – with over 1,000 flights cancelled, others rerouted worldwide, and 200,000 passengers affected by the disruption.

The Heathrow closure on Friday really highlights the ‘critical’ part of critical national infrastructure (CNI) – the systems and facilities that are essential for society to function.

At best it’s an embarrassment. At worst, it points to serious vulnerabilities across the country that could be exploited by bad actors.

Heathrow first.

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Heathrow needs a lot of power, the equivalent of a small town, and the bulk of this is supplied by a dedicated connection at the North Hyde substation – reflecting Heathrow’s critical status.

But that also appears to be the problem – because Heathrow requires so much power, having a second dedicated connection would likely be prohibitively expensive, especially for the low probability scenario of such a catastrophic fire. This is the first time this has happened in decades, after all.

“Fires like this are not common at all,” said Dr Robin Preece, a reader in future power systems at the University of Manchester. “If it just broke down without catching fire… you might never have noticed anything as we have sufficient alternative routes for the electricity to follow.”

Photo taken with permission from the social media site X, formerly Twitter, posted by @JoselynEMuirhe1 of the fire at Hayes electrical substation. More than 1,300 flights to and from Heathrow Airport will be disrupted on Friday due to the closure of the airport following the fire. Issue date: Friday March 21, 2025.
Image:
The fire at the North Hyde electrical substation. Pic: @JoselynEMuirhe1

But uncommon doesn’t mean impossible – and when infrastructure is critical, it’s supposed to be protected.

MI5 in charge of critical infrastructure protection

The organisation ultimately responsible is MI5, through the National Protective Security Authority. This lists 13 national infrastructure sectors, from chemicals to nuclear, emergency services to food, space to water.

It’s a lot to look after – this map shows just some of the sites that would be considered CNI. Airports and power stations. Or the tubes that supply us with energy (gas and fuel pipelines) and internet (undersea cables).

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Many of those risks are collected in the National Risk Register. This plots the likelihood and the impact of a risk.

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Measuring risk chances and impact

So an accidental fire or explosion at an onshore fuel pipeline is estimated to have less than a 0.2% chance of happening in the next two years but would have only a “moderate” impact, defined as between 41-200 casualties and/or hundreds of millions of pounds in economic losses.

A civil nuclear accident has a similar probability but would have a “catastrophic” impact, defined as the loss of more than 1,000 lives and/or an economic cost of tens of billions of pounds. Pandemics also meet the catastrophic impact threshold.

A regional failure of the electricity network, one due perhaps to “a specific power substation”, is listed as having a 1% to 5% chance of happening every two years, and a moderate impact. But this is what happened to Heathrow – and the impact doesn’t appear moderate at all.

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The North Hyde electrical substation which caught fire. 
Pic: PA
Image:
The electrical substation in west London. Pic: PA

Catalogue of vulnerabilities

The National Risk Register is sensible planning but it’s also a catalogue of vulnerabilities.

Accidents do happen, but so do attacks. It can be hard to tell the difference – and that’s the point of what are known as “grey zone” attacks.

For example, undersea cables keep unfortunately being cut, whether in the Baltic Sea or the waters around Taiwan.

Taiwan has accused China of doing this deliberately. China responded by saying that damage to undersea cables is a “common maritime accident”.

In this photo released by the Taiwan Coast Guard, Taiwanese Coast Guard vessels prepare to board Togolese-flagged cargo ship Hongtai suspected of severing an undersea communications cable in waters between its main island's west coast and the outlying Penghu islands early Tuesday, Feb 25, 2025. (Taiwan Coast Guard via AP)
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Taiwanese coastguard in February prepares to board a cargo ship suspected of severing an undersea communications cable. Pic: AP

“Malicious actors see opportunities and vulnerabilities”, Marco Wyss, Professor of International History and Security at Lancaster University, told Sky News.

“And if you showcase vulnerabilities to such an extent as today, even if it wasn’t a malicious actor, it can give them some ideas.”

Additional reporting by Sophia Massam, junior digital investigations journalist

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Ida Lock: Baby girl died from brain injury because midwives failed to provide basic care, coroner rules

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Ida Lock: Baby girl died from brain injury because midwives failed to provide basic care, coroner rules

A baby girl died from a serious brain injury because midwives failed to provide basic medical care, a coroner has concluded.

Ida Lock, who lived for just seven days, was born at the Royal Lancaster Infirmary in November 2019 but suffered a brain injury caused by a lack of oxygen.

She was transferred to intensive care at Royal Preston Hospital’s neonatal unit where she died a week later on 16 November 2019.

Ever since her death, Ida’s grieving parents, Ryan Lock and Sarah Robinson, have had to fight for answers.

Mr Lock said the hospital’s trust “put up a huge wall” when they tried to find out what had happened.

Ms Robinson says she was made to feel like she was to blame.

“It was was awful. It was so tough. My world had shattered, and I couldn’t figure out what had gone wrong, what I’d missed.”

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An initial investigation carried out by the University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Trust found no issues with her delivery.

However, in April 2020, a report from the independent Healthcare Safety Investigation Branch (HSIB) identified numerous failings in the care of Ida which contributed to her death, the hearing at County Hall, Preston, had previously heard.

Ryan and Ida Lock. Pic: PA
Image:
Ryan and Ida Lock. Pic: PA

Ms Robinson says: “That’s the hurt, because that time that we’ve taken to fight and get these answers. And all along people had these answers, people knew, but they didn’t give them to us them.”

Midwives had failed to identify an abnormally slow foetal heart rate after Ms Robinson attended in early labour and then following birth there was ineffective resuscitation, the HSIB concluded.

This trust has faced serious criticism in the past.

A review into maternity care at Morecambe Bay in 2015 found 11 babies and one mother had died due to poor care.

The report’s author, Dr Bill Kirkup, gave evidence at the inquest and told Sky News it is “unforgivable” lessons have not been learnt.

He also chaired an investigation into maternity services in East Kent and found repeated and significant failings.

“These are not problems of isolated units, and it’s not a particular rogue unit that we’re talking about here. It’s a very widespread failure of culture in maternity services,” said Dr Kirkup.

Ida Lock died seven days after she was born. Pic: PA
Image:
Ida Lock died seven days after she was born. Pic: PA

The national maternity inspection programme carried out by the healthcare regulator the Care Quality Commission (CQC) assessed over 130 units.

It gave ratings for safety and found 65% rated either “inadequate” or “requires improvement”.

Mr Lock believes there must be a change in culture.

He said: “There needs to be more accountability. If people feel they can get away with being deceitful and covering up the truth, then they’re going to continue doing that.”

Ms Robinson has since had another baby daughter but says her mental health has suffered.

“It’s changed me as a person. Five years on, the anxiety, the stress, it’s just constant. No one was open and honest with us. No parent should have to go through that.”

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Ryan Lock and Sarah Robinson
Image:
Ryan Lock and Sarah Robinson

The family scattered Ida’s ashes on Morecambe Beach, close to their home.

Mr Lock says they often walk along this small stretch of sand which they call “Ida’s beach”.

He said: “She’s always going to be in our hearts, and that’s what’s driven us to continue, to keep going. We owe it to her.”

Delivering a narrative conclusion following the inquest on Friday, HM Senior Coroner for Lancashire, Dr James Adeley, said: “Ida was a normal child whose death was caused by a lack of oxygen during her delivery that occurred due to the gross failure of the three midwives attending her to provide basic medical care to deliver Ida urgently when it was apparent she was in distress.”

He added her death was contributed to by the lead midwife’s “wholly incompetent” failure to provide basic neonatal resuscitation for Ida during the first three-and-half minutes of her life, which further contributed to the infant’s brain damage.

Dr Adeley identified eight missed opportunities by midwives to alter Ida’s clinical course.

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