These are the main aspects of the deal set out by the US:
• The US and Russia have agreed to safe navigation in the Black Sea, which had been a key focus of talks this week • Additionally, they agreed to work together on measures banning strikes on energy infrastructure in Russia and Ukraine • Washington will also help to restore Russia’s access to global markets for agricultural and fertiliser exports, the White House said – although where this leaves Western sanctions against Russia is unclear at this stage.
The US also said it has agreed it will remain committed to returning forcibly transferred Ukrainian children.
Ukraine’s defence minister Rustem Umerov confirmed the agreement, but added that Kyiv maintains any movement by Russian military vessels outside of eastern part of the Black Sea will constitute violation of the spirit of this agreement.
“In this case Ukraine will have full right to exercise right to self-defence,” he said.
He added: “All parties agreed to develop measures for implementing the presidents’ agreement to ban strikes against energy facilities of Ukraine and Russia.”
The Kremlin has confirmed that it has agreed to the ceasefire but there has been a disagreement over the timing and conditions.
While Volodymyr Zelenskyy said he understood the ceasefire would start immediately after the US announcement, Moscow has countered, saying it will only come into force after Western sanctions are lifted against companies involved in food and fertiliser exports.
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He says Russia will be quite happy dragging the US through peace talks without making any meaningful concessions.
The deal is one the US “can boast about” – without it changing much on the ground for Ukraine, he says.
“The Russians will be quite happy about that because they’ll just keep going down more and more rabbit holes and they’ll present little gains for the US,” he explains.
“But they won’t address the central issue,” he says.
No real deal can be agreed unless Donald Trump starts putting meaningful pressure on Vladimir Putin, he says.
Image: A Ukrainian patrol boat in the Black Sea in 2024. Pic: Reuters
“Unless the Americans are prepared to pressure Russia as opposed to just keeping offering them more advantages, the war will just go on.”
He also says Mr Trump will stay interested until it “gets difficult”, at which point he’ll “just go onto something else”.
“He’s a disrupter, but when disruption becomes hard to follow through, he goes on to the next topic, and I think that’s what will happen.”
Why is Russia willing to agree to a ceasefire at sea now?
Under the ceasefire at sea, Russia would once again be able to export farm produce and fertiliser through the Black Sea, getting relief from sanctions imposed by Western countries.
The US even referred to helping Russia access the world market again for agricultural products in its statement.
According to Prof Clarke, Russia is happy to continue fighting on land, where it is slowly making gains, while signing up to something that protects its ships at sea – where Ukraine has been growing in confidence and damaging Russian vessels.
And it helps with Russia’s goal of getting its equipment out of the Black Sea.
Today’s agreement has come in the midst of negotiations between Russia, the US and Ukraine in Riyadh in recent days centred on the Black Sea.
But the basis of the negotiations was a deal to secure shipping there that collapsed more than 18 months ago.
That UN-backed deal was negotiated in July 2022 between Turkey, the UN and Russia as a way of ensuring that Ukraine, one of the breadbaskets of the world, could keep exporting grain via its southern ports without being attacked.
It was known as the Black Sea grain initiative.
That deal benefited Russia, as it also allowed for greater Russian agricultural exports – but but Moscow pulled out of the initiative in July 2023 after accusing the West of reneging on this part of the agreement.
This meant Russia stopped granting safe passage to cargo ships going to and from Ukraine, and the country’s grain exports subsequently slumped.
But Russia is now said to be keen to revive parts of the grain deal.
What happened the last time Ukraine and Russia had a ceasefire agreement?
Last week, Mr Putin agreed to an immediate 30-day pause in strikes on Ukrainian energy infrastructure.
However, within 24 hours Ukraine and Russia accused the other of breaking the pledge.
Bangkok felt like it erupted into chaos when the tremors hit.
No one knew what was happening and there was no warning.
In a city where lives are lived, there were suddenly incongruous sights in the sky – pools overflowing, high-rise walkways connecting expensive apartments broken apart, and huddles of confused and scared people outside offices.
The busy skytrain that millions rely on in Thailand‘s capital was shut down, bringing the city to a grinding halt and people struggling to move around.
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1:00
Mayhem in Thailand as Myanmar quake shocks
My producer Rachael and I had to share a motorbike to try and get to the scene of the worst building collapse – a slow route through gridlocked traffic.
On arrival, the devastation was clear. A mass of rubble, a sea of rescue workers, and panicked onlookers.
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We were told that 90 construction workers were still trapped inside.
One of the men trying to rescue them told me he had heard some voices and was hopeful they would be able to pull people out alive.
But he acknowledged it was “very difficult” work and, as he spoke, we were engulfed with dust, the light already fading as specialist bulldozers were brought in.
Many of those inside, we were told, were Cambodians about to finish building the structure.
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0:20
Moment building collapses in earthquake
Why no warnings?
As the rescue effort continued, Thailand’s Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra suddenly arrived.
I asked her why there were no warnings – in a nation that 20 years ago suffered a devastating earthquake.
She did not respond.
But many will no doubt continue to press her government on why there was no emergency alert system, no texts, nothing. Not for hours after, at least.
“It’s cold as s*** here,” said the US vice president when he touched down in Greenland.
He meant it, both literally and metaphorically.
There was no warm welcome from islanders for JD Vance and the second lady.
A small US team with a list of engagements evolved into a large delegation and just one engagement.
Everything changed when the organisers of a dogsled race, an annual spectacle on the cultural calendar, said the Americans weren’t invited.
The scaled-up US delegation and scaled-down schedule did little to address the concerns of Greenlanders.
The White House didn’t just send the vice president, they sent embattled national security advisor Mike Waltz too.
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Instead of being greeted by residents, they were greeted by their own troops manning an outpost tasked with warning them about long-range missile attacks.
And the vice president, who’s fast becoming the chief critic of Europe, made Denmark the focus of his attack.
But listen carefully to his speech and you’ll hear the same word twice: “think”.
“This is what we think is going to happen” re. their hopes islanders will vote for independence from Denmark and then engage with America.
“We do not think military action will be necessary,” he added, when asked about that potential.
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2:22
Why does the US want Greenland?
There is a world of difference between thinking something and knowing something.
So, what happens if what JD Vance “thinks” will or won’t happen doesn’t come to pass?
JD Vance has told Denmark it has “not done a good job” with Greenland during a visit to the territory – as President Donald Trump repeated his call for the US to take over the island.
Vice President Vance, his wife Usha and other senior US officials arrived at an American military base in Greenland, the semi-autonomous territory that has been a part of Denmark for more than 600 years.
“Our message to Denmark is very simple: you have not done a good job by the people of Greenland,” Mr Vance said.
“You have underinvested in the people of Greenland, and you have underinvested in the security architecture of this incredible, beautiful landmass filled with incredible people.
“We need to ensure that America is leading in the Arctic.”
Shortly before Mr Vance spoke from Greenland on Friday, Mr Trump continued his threats of taking over the territory, saying: “We need Greenland, very importantly, for international security.
“We have to have Greenland. It’s not a question of you think we can do without it – we can’t.”
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0:44
‘We need Greenland’ says Trump
Lars-Christian Brask, deputy speaker of the Danish parliament, told Sky News that Mr Vance was “not welcome” by Greenlanders on his visit.
“It’s a NATO country demanding a piece of another NATO country, which is highly unusual and there is a lack of respect,” he said.
The one-day visit to the US Space Force outpost at Pituffik – located on the northwest coast of the territory – has avoided violating potential diplomatic taboos of a state sending a delegation to another country, without an invitation.
The trip had been scaled back after locals were angered that the original itinerary was made without consulting them – particularly in light of Mr Trump’s repeated claims that the US should control Greenland.
Speaking to soldiers at the US base, Mr Vance claimed Denmark – and Europe by extension – has failed to protect the region.
Image: JD Vance tours the US military’s Pituffik Space Base in Greenland. Pic: Reuters
He said: “This place, this base, this surrounding area, is less secure than it was 30-40 years ago, as some of our allies have not kept up…
“Europe (has) not kept pace… with military spending, and Denmark has not kept pace in devoting the resources necessary to keep this base, to keep our troops, and in my view to keep the people of Greenland safe from a lot of aggressive incursions from Russia, China, and other nations.”
Mr Vance said Mr Trump was “a president of peace”, adding: “We respect the self-determination of Greenlanders, we believe in the self-determination of the population of Greenland.”
Asked if plans have been drafted to use military force to take over Greenland, he indicated the White House planned to wait for the people of the territory to vote for self-determination before acting.
“What the president has said… is that we need to have more of a position in Greenland,” he added.
Image: JD Vance and his wife have lunch with soldiers at Pituffik Space Base in Greenland. Pic: AP
Greenland is the world’s largest island, with a population of 57,000, and is also a founding member of NATO.
Straddling the Arctic circle between the US, Russia and Europe, the island offers a unique geopolitical advantage that America has eyed for more than 150 years.
Earlier this week, Russian President Vladimir Putin said he was not surprised the US wants control of Greenland given its long-time interest in the mineral-rich territory.
“It can look surprising only at first glance and it would be wrong to believe that this is some sort of extravagant talk by the current US administration,” Mr Putin said.