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A host of local and mayoral elections will be taking place across England on Thursday 1 May – the first voting day since the general election last year.

There will also be a new Member of Parliament.

Here is everything you need to know – from what’s at stake to how you can vote.

Local elections

There will be local elections in 23 of England’s 317 local authorities on 1 May.

Some are slightly different to others, depending on the type of authority.

Here is the full list:

County councils

• Cambridgeshire
• Derbyshire
• Devon
• Gloucestershire
• Hertfordshire
• Kent
• Lancashire
• Leicestershire
• Lincolnshire
• Nottinghamshire
• Oxfordshire
• Staffordshire
• Warwickshire
• Worcestershire

Unitary authorities

• Buckinghamshire
• Cornwall
• County Durham
• North Northamptonshire
• Northumberland
• Shropshire
• West Northamptonshire
• Wiltshire

Metropolitan district

• Doncaster

The Isles of Scilly, which has a unique governance structure, is also holding a local election of its own.

Additionally, about 1,270 parish councils will be holding elections.

What is the difference between the types of authorities?

A county council is part of a two-tier local government system, taking care of things that affect the whole county, such as:

• Education
• Transport
• Planning
• Fire and public safety
• Social care
• Libraries
• Waste management
• Trading standards

They work alongside the other, lower-tier councils – district, borough or city – that take care of things on a smaller scale, such as:

• Rubbish collection
• Recycling
• Council tax collections
• Housing
• Planning applications

A unitary authority is a one-tier local government, where the services of a county council and the other smaller councils listed above are combined.

A metropolitan district has a council that oversees all services, similar to a unitary authority – but has a mayor with a role similar to that of local councils.

The mayors for Doncaster and North Tyneside are single authority, making them the political leader of the council and leaving them responsible for delivering local council services.

Metro mayors chair combined authorities made up of several local councils.

Metro mayor election

There are six mayoral elections taking place on 1 May, two of which are the first ever in their areas.

One of them is for the West of England, where the current mayor is Dan Norris, who was elected as a Labour MP when he defeated Jacob Rees-Mogg to win the seat of North East Somerset and Hanham in last year’s general election.

Labour MP Dan Norris suspended. File pic: PA
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Labour MP Dan Norris. File pic: PA

Mr Norris, who has been mayor since 2021, has to vacate the role because the Labour Party introduced rules to prevent serving MPs from standing as mayoral candidates.

There is another mayoral election in Cambridgeshire and Peterborough, while the first mayors for Hull and East Yorkshire and Greater Lincolnshire will be chosen after devolution deals were agreed in 2023, bringing together local councils in both areas to create larger authorities.

There will also be elections for the next mayor of Doncaster and North Tyneside.

New MP for Runcorn and Helsby

A by-election is also being held in Runcorn and Helsby after Labour’s Mike Amesbury agreed to stand down following his conviction for punching a man in the street.

Amesbury, who was suspended from the Labour Party, was jailed on 24 February for 10 weeks after he pleaded guilty to assault by beating of 45-year-old Paul Fellows in Main Street, Frodsham, Cheshire, in the early hours of 26 October.

However, following an appeal, his sentence was suspended for two years.

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Amesbury steps down as MP

His resignation means Karen Shore, the deputy leader of Cheshire West and Chester Council, will run for Labour in the by-election, while the Conservatives are putting forward Sean Houlston, a membership services manager for the National Federation of Builders, and Sarah Pochin, a former Cheshire East councillor, is Reform’s candidate.

Amesbury came first in Runcorn and Helsby with 22,358 votes at the 2024 general election – equating to 52.9% of the electorate.

Reform UK came in second with 7,662 votes (18.1%) and the Tories in third with 6,756 votes (16%).

Outcomes could have significant national impact

The elections will be the first big test of all the parties since the general election, which fundamentally redrew the UK’s political landscape with a new world of multiparty politics.

The Tories have the most to lose as they hold 20 of the 23 local authorities up for grabs on 1 May.

And for the first time in a long time, Labour and the Conservatives are facing a genuine threat from other parties.

YouGov conducted exclusive polling for Sky News to get a sense of how the country was feeling ahead of the elections, surveying 2,178 adults in the UK on 6 and 7 April.

Here is the voting intention poll:

• Labour: 24% (no change)
• Reform UK: 23% (no change)
• Conservatives: 22% (+1)
• Liberal Democrats: 17% (+3)
• Green Party: 9% (-2)

It suggests that Nigel Farage’s Reform UK could be Labour’s closest competitor, with Kemi Badenoch trailing as she leads the Conservatives through elections for the first time, while the Lib Dems have closed the gap on the three top parties.

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How do I register to vote?

You have until 11.59pm on Friday to register to vote if you haven’t already.

You must be aged 16 or over (or 14 or over in Scotland and Wales) to register to vote – but to vote for a new MP you must be at least 18.

You can register if you are:

• A British citizen
• An Irish or EU citizen living in the UK
• A Commonwealth citizen who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission
• A citizen of another country living in Scotland or Wales who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission
• You can be an overseas voter if you previously lived in the UK and are a British citizen.

The easiest and quickest way to register is online.

Alternatively, you can use a paper form – though it may be too close to the deadline for you to complete this by the deadline.

You can do it by contacting your local Electoral Registration Office and asking them to post a form to you. Or you can print your own form off. You’ll then need to return the completed form to your local Electoral Registration Office.

How can I cast my vote?

There are three ways to vote:

In person at your local polling station

You’ll be sent a poll card just before an election or referendum telling you when to vote and at which polling station. It will usually be in a public building, such as a school or local hall, near your home.

You can only vote at the polling station allocated to your address. This will be shown on your poll card. You can also enter your postcode on this website to find out where your polling station is.

You will be able to cast your vote any time between 7am and 10pm

You must bring a form of photo ID with you in order to vote. There are 22 accepted types of ID.

At the polling station, you will need to give your name and address to staff and show them your photo ID.

There will be instructions in the polling booth telling you exactly how to cast your vote.

Postal vote

You can register to vote by post for any reason, including that you simply don’t want to go to a polling station on the day.

You need to apply for this by 5pm on 14 April and can do so by clicking here.

Postal votes now expire every three years, so if you registered to do so more than three years ago, you will need to re-apply.

By proxy

This is where you apply for someone to vote on your behalf if you cannot go to the polling station in person and do not want to or can’t vote by post.

You and your proxy must both be registered to vote in the UK before you can apply.

The deadline to apply for proxy voting in the May 1 elections is 5pm on 23 April, and you can apply here.

Which elections have been postponed – and why?

Elections for county councils in the following areas have been postponed until May 2026:

• Norfolk
• Suffolk
• Essex
• Thurrock
• Surrey
• East and West Sussex
• Hampshire
• Isle of Wight

Most areas of the UK are now covered by one-tier systems such as unitary authorities, but there are still 21 county councils.

The government is pushing for a “devolution revolution”, meaning the remaining county councils are being encouraged to merge with other local authorities to become unitary authorities.

So in December last year, the government told county councils they could request to postpone their elections set for 1 May if they were trying to reorganise into one-tier systems.

While 16 county councils requested to postpone, only the eight listed above were successful.

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Four years after Sarah Everard’s murder, women still feel unsafe on Britain’s streets

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Four years after Sarah Everard's murder, women still feel unsafe on Britain's streets

In the middle of Liverpool city centre, musician Ami Alex is showing me a TikTok she posted while busking on the street.

But instead of showcasing her singing, it shows a man approaching her repeatedly, coming closer and closer. He reaches out and touches her – wiping something wet on her arm.

“At first I thought it was coffee,” she says. “But when I watched the video back – you can hear him saying ‘that’s my pee’. My jaw dropped. I was horrified.”

It’s hard to believe what she’s showing me, but she says this kind of behaviour is “unfortunately standard for a woman doing this kind of work”.

She has many more videos – of men touching her without her consent, or demanding hugs or kisses for the money they’ve given.

“I’ve gotten a lot better at dealing with it,” she says. “When I was 21, 22, when I first started doing this, I would go home in tears.

“It’s just so degrading. It makes you feel objectified. Like – is that all you think of me?”

Sarah Everard’s murder in 2021 caused outrage across the country. There was an outpouring of anger as women shared their stories of feeling unsafe, threatened and sexualised on the streets.

At the time there were promises – assurances to women that things would have to change. But four years on, many women here in Merseyside say they have the same feelings they did then.

“Men are honestly shocked when we tell them ‘we don’t feel safe’,” says Kate Chadwick, from the Wirral charity Tomorrow’s Women. “Pretty much every woman has had some kind of experience.”

Kate Chadwick
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Kate Chadwick

I meet her at a regular lunch club they host – at their building where men are not allowed inside. It’s intended as a safe space for their members, who they are helping through everything from domestic violence to sexual assault. There’s a medical clinic here, beauty treatment rooms, a computer lab – all staffed by women.

Kate shows me the pocket rape alarm they give out to the women who come here. She hopes they never have to use it, but “it makes them feel safer just having it”.

Women helped by the charity are given pocket rape alarms
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Women helped by the charity are given pocket rape alarms

“As a woman, in the winter it’s a hard time just to exist,” Kate says. “Women don’t feel safe coming out of their homes. Routines will change. They don’t want to walk in certain places.

“One of our members gets two buses home because it’s safer than waiting at a dark bus stop to just get the one.”

They are about to launch a photography exhibition around stalking and harassment. For this, they gave their members a camera and asked them to submit photos that show their experience being a woman.

There are several photos of dimly lit streets, bus stops with no one else there. One photo is a fist holding a key through the knuckles – an image most women will recognise.

Another picture is of an outfit laid out on the floor – a T-shirt, denim skirt and tights. It’s titled What Were They Wearing?

“This can often be the first question in a sexual assault case,” Kate says. “It really doesn’t matter what the woman was wearing.”

“It’s definitely not getting better,” she says. “In 2024, violence against women and girls was declared a national emergency. The statistics you read every day are shocking.”

Later that evening, back in Liverpool, we meet Girls on the Go – a running club started with the express purpose of allowing women to exercise safely in the winter. It’s 5.15pm when we meet for the run, and already dark.

The women running here list a collection of similar experiences. They have been catcalled, yelled at from cars, even chased while out running alone.

Girls on the Go helps women exercise safely in winter
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Girls on the Go helps women exercise safely in winter

Run leader Madeline Cole tells me that, as a women-only club, they have had to modify their warm-ups because “as soon as you bend over to touch your toes, or go into a squat, the shouting starts”.

Founder Steph Barney says she started the club because it is still “intimidating running alone as woman”.

“Far too many women experience harassment and catcalling – we wanted to create a group where women would feel safer doing it together” she says. “Even in the summer you get sexualised just for wearing shorts. You have to restrict what you do. None of my male friends have ever had to worry about that.”

I ask if anything would help them feel safer when out on their runs. “Better street lighting is a really obvious one,” she says. “And one of the issues is that it’s still not taken seriously by society. When you’re catcalled, it feels embarrassing to say ‘this is scary’.

“If it was taken more seriously – more women would speak out. And more could be done.”

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Sarah Everard
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Sarah Everard

The Angiolini Inquiry – which was established to investigate the circumstances surrounding Sarah Everard’s murder – is due to publish its latest report later today.

It is examining whether there a risk of it happening again, police culture, and broader concerns surrounding women’s safety in public spaces.

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Hillsborough: Long-awaited report into Britain’s worst-ever sporting disaster to be published today

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Hillsborough: Long-awaited report into Britain's worst-ever sporting disaster to be published today

The police watchdog will today publish its report into the actions of officers during and after the Hillsborough disaster in 1989.

The Independent Office for Police Misconduct (IOPC) has been investigating South Yorkshire Police since 2012.

It is the largest independent investigation into alleged police misconduct and criminality ever carried out in England and Wales.

Hillsborough remains to this day the worst disaster in British sporting history.

Fans, police, and emergency services on the pitch during the disaster. All pics: Action Images via Reuters
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Fans, police, and emergency services on the pitch during the disaster. All pics: Action Images via Reuters

How did we get here?

A crush on the terraces during the FA Cup semi-final at the stadium in Sheffield resulted in the death of 97 Liverpool fans – men, women, and children aged from 10 to 67.

Even as fans lay dying, police were claiming that Liverpool supporters, arriving in large numbers late, drunk and without tickets, caused the disaster. But after decades of campaigning, that narrative was debunked.

In April 2016, new inquests – held after the original verdicts of accidental death were quashed in 2012 – determined that those who died had been unlawfully killed.

The IOPC told victims’ families in March that no officers would face misconduct proceedings because legislation in place at the time did not require police to have a duty of candour.

Dozens of allegations of misconduct against officers had been upheld, it said, but none would face disciplinary proceedings because they had all left the police service.

The 97 victims of the Hillsborough disaster
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The 97 victims of the Hillsborough disaster

What has this probe looked at?

The IOPC investigation focused on amendments made in accounts of officers who were present at Hillsborough and allegations that misleading information was passed by the police to the media, MPs, parliament, and the inquiries set up immediately after the disaster.

It has also been looking into the role of West Midlands Police, which led the investigation into the disaster, and allegations that family members and campaigners were subject to surveillance by the police.

The IOPC has already confirmed that its investigation “aligned” with the findings of the Hillsborough Independent Panel investigation and the 2016 inquests.

It said: “We found no evidence to support police accounts to the media, the Taylor Inquiry and both sets of inquests, which suggested that the behaviour of supporters caused or in any way contributed to the disaster.”

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Long-awaited Hillsborough Law introduced
Officer cleared of gross negligence manslaughter

In September, the government introduced the so-called Hillsborough Law to the House of Commons.

The legislation will include a duty of candour, forcing public officials to act with honesty and integrity at all times or face criminal sanctions.

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China poses ‘real national security threats’ to UK, Starmer warns

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PM issues China warning - and hits out at Brexit

Sir Keir Starmer has warned China poses “real national security threats to the United Kingdom”.

But the prime minister also described China as a “nation of immense scale, ambition and ingenuity” and a “defining force in technology, trade and global governance”.

“The UK needs a China policy that recognises this reality,” he added in a speech at the Guildhall in London.

“Instead, for years we have blown hot and cold.

“So our response will not be driven by fear, nor softened by illusion. It will be grounded in strength, clarity and sober realism.”

Prime Minister Keir Starmer giving his speech. Pic: Reuters
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Prime Minister Keir Starmer giving his speech. Pic: Reuters

Describing the absence of engagement with China – the world’s second-biggest economy – as “staggering” and “a dereliction of duty”, Sir Keir said: “This is not a question of balancing economic and security considerations. We don’t trade off security in one area, for a bit more economic access somewhere else.

“Protecting our security is non-negotiable – our first duty. But by taking tough steps to keep us secure, we enable ourselves to cooperate in other areas.”

Sir Keir’s remarks come after MPs and parliamentarians were warned last month of new attempts to spy on them by China.

And they follow the collapse of a prosecution of two people suspected of spying on behalf of China.

That case led to controversy over how the government under Labour responded to the Crown Prosecution Service’s requests for evidence.

Speech at the annual Lady Mayor's Banquet. Pic: Reuters
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Speech at the annual Lady Mayor’s Banquet. Pic: Reuters

At the time, Sir Keir sought to blame the previous Conservative government for the issues, which centred on whether China could be designated an “enemy” under First World War-era legislation.

Meanwhile, Sky News understands the prime minister is set to approve plans for a controversial Chinese “super embassy” in central London.

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A final decision on the planning application for the former Royal Mint site near the Tower of London is due on 10 December, after numerous previous delays.

Sir Keir is also understood to be preparing for a likely visit to China in the new year.

Since he was elected last year, Sir Keir has been active on the world stage, trumpeting deals with the US, India and the EU and leading the “coalition of the willing” in support of Ukraine.

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PM preparing for likely China visit

But he has also faced criticism from his opponents, who accuse him of spending too much time out of the UK attending international summits rather than focusing on domestic issues.

Sir Keir offered a defence of his approach, describing it as “the biggest shift in British foreign policy since Brexit” and “a decisive move to face outward again”.

While saying he would “always respect” the Brexit vote as a “fair, democratic expression”, he said the way the UK’s departure from the EU had been “sold and delivered” was “simply wrong”.

He said: “Wild promises were made to the British people and not fulfilled. We are still dealing with the consequences today.”

In his speech on Monday, the prime minister accused opposition politicians of offering a “corrosive, inward-looking attitude” on international affairs.

Sir Keir Starmer. Pic: Reuters
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Sir Keir Starmer. Pic: Reuters

Taking aim at those who advocate leaving the European Convention on Human Rights or NATO, he said they offered “grievance rather than hope” and “a declinist vision of a lesser Britain”.

Sir Keir said: “Moreover, it is a fatal misreading of the moment, ducking the fundamental challenge posed by a chaotic world – a world which is more dangerous and unstable than at any point for a generation, where international events reach directly into our lives, whether we like it or not.”

He added: “In these times, we deliver for Britain by looking outward with renewed purpose and pride, not by shrinking back. In these times, internationalism is patriotism.”

Responding to the prime minister’s speech, shadow foreign secretary Dame Priti Patel said: “From China’s continued flouting of economic rules to transnational repression of Hong Kongers in Britain, Starmer’s ‘reset’ with Beijing is a naive one-way street, which puts Britain at risk while Beijing gets everything it wants.

“Starmer continues to kowtow to China and is captivated by half-baked promises of trade.

“Coming just days after the latest Chinese plot to interfere in our democracy was exposed, his love letter to the Chinese Communist Party is a desperate ploy to generate economic growth following his budget of lies and is completely ill-judged.

“While China poses a clear threat to Britain, China continues to back Iran and Russia, and plots to undermine our institutions. Keir Starmer has become Beijing’s useful idiot in Britain.”

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