Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella speaks at Microsoft Build AI Day in Jakarta, Indonesia, on April 30, 2024.
Adek Berry | AFP | Getty Images
On Microsoft’s earnings call last month, CEO Satya Nadella boasted about the company’s artificial intelligence products, and said over 150 million people are using its Copilot assistant for productivity, cybersecurity, coding and other endeavors.
But conversations with IT buyers at Microsoft’s Ignite conference in San Francisco this week highlighted some of the hurdles the company must overcome as it tries to sell its AI chatbot in the enterprise market.
“I know a lot of customers who are like, ‘Yeah, I want 300 to go to zero,'” said Adam Mansfield of consulting firm UpperEdge, referring to Copilot licenses. Mansfield, who helps companies negotiate Microsoft deals, said those clients are saying, “I don’t even want it.”
Microsoft started selling the commercial version of 365 Copilot two years ago for $30 per person per month, as an add-on to its broader productivity suite. The chatbot can answer a user’s questions based on information stored in corporate systems and can run alongside Microsoft apps, summarizing email threads, creating formatted presentations and capturing key points from calls.
Microsoft is competing in AI on multiple fronts, with its heftiest investment coming out of its Azure cloud infrastructure business. Alongside a $13 billion bet on OpenAI, Microsoft is the AI startup’s key cloud provider. In October OpenAI announced a $250 billion commitment.
Microsoft said revenue growth at Azure reached 40% in the latest quarter, topping the growth rate at Amazon Web Services and Google’s cloud business.
AI agents present a different challenge. Instead of paying for the infrastructure needed to run hefty workloads, customers are buying a new tool for their employees, and the return on that investment isn’t yet clear, according to a number of clients and consultants interviewed by CNBC.
Adobe, Google, Salesforce, Workday and other vendors are also trying to sell agents to corporations, schools and governments, creating a crowded market for a still nascent technology. OpenAI and Anthropic not only have popular AI models but are increasingly catering to businesses with new services as well.
Eon, a Sequoia-backed cloud backup startup, runs its software in Azure. CEO Ofir Ehrlich said MIcrosoft has broadened Azure’s appeal for software developers and operations specialists. But the company isn’t standardizing on Microsoft’s AI software. It relies on AI coding tools from startups Cognition and Cursor and multiple AI assistants, said Ehrlich, who previously sold startup CloudEndure to Amazon.
Google’s Gemini has been making rapid advancements in the market. This week, the company debuted its latest model, Gemini 3, which it says will deliver better answers to more complex questions.
“We just had a massive 16,000-employee company move all their mail to back to Google so they can leverage more Gemini,” said Julian Hamood, founder of Microsoft partner TrustedTech.
Microsoft declined to comment.
More discounts?
Hamood said one thing Microsoft could do is provide incentives to help companies and partners pay for data-cleaning projects that would make Copilot more valuable.
Microsoft has offered some clients 50% off of the $30 list price for Copilot, he said. “But they’re starting to lean away from the Copilot discounts,” Hamood said.
Tim Crawford, a former IT executive who now advises chief information officers, said many customers aren’t getting enough from Copilot to justify the cost.
“Am I getting $30 of value per user per month out of it?” he said. “The short answer is no, and that’s what’s been holding further adoption back.”
Starting in December, a Microsoft 365 Copilot Business tier will become available at $21 per person per month for organizations with up to 300 end users, the company announced at Ignite this week.
It’s not all doom and gloom for Copilot, as Microsoft still has an advantage with its expansive user base.
Nadella said on the latest earnings call that “more than 90% of the Fortune 500 now use Microsoft 365 Copilot,” though he didn’t provide an average number of users at those companies. He named five companies and a U.K. government department that each bought over 15,000 seats in the quarter, adding that most enterprise clients continued to come back for more.
Land O’Lakes butter is displayed in a supermarket in New York on Feb. 15, 2017.
Brendan Mcdermid | Reuters
This year, butter maker Land O’Lakes rolled out Microsoft 365 Copilot to all of its nearly 5,000 knowledge workers, after initially granting access to about 20% of them. A small number of employees also have Gemini subscriptions.
Land O’Lakes has long relied on Microsoft software and now runs over 70% of its infrastructure in Azure, said Teddy Bekele, the company’s technology chief, in an interview at Ignite.
Software engineers at Land O’Lakes relied on the GitHub Copilot AI automated programming software to build custom project and portfolio management software, Bekele said, adding that the company stopped paying for an off-the-shelf product.
Now Land O’Lakes is testing Oz, an assistant for retail agronomists who advise farmers. The company developed it with Microsoft Foundry software. Oz can save Land O’Lakes money as it replaces older applications, Bekele said.
‘Natural choice’
Education publisher Pearson, meanwhile, has turned on Microsoft 365 Copilot for all of its 18,000 employees. The company uses Windows, Office and Azure products, as well as Amazon and Google cloud services, technology chief Dave Treat said at the conference.
At Ignite, Pearson announced Communication Coach, an agent that will provide personalized learning recommendations through Copilot based on Teams calls, with help from OpenAI’s GPT-4o mini model.
“Microsoft is dominant in the enterprise,” Treat said. “It was a natural choice if we’re thinking about how to train people in communication in the workplace.”
Microsoft is also adding more models into the fold. On Tuesday, Microsoft said Anthropic is bringing its Claude Haiku 4.5, Opus 4.1 and Sonnet 4.5 to Microsoft Foundry. Anthropic committed to spend $30 billion on Azure.
“Before today, we didn’t have access to all the models from Anthropic,” Treat said. “Now we do. That’s a big improvement.”
Still, Mansfield said competition has intensified this year, and some companies have been more seriously evaluating alternatives to Microsoft’s AI products.
“Microsoft is trying to catch up, quite honestly,” Mansfield said. “That’s not what a monopoly typically has to do. They’re not comfortable. Their sales reps actually now have to learn to sell.”
According to Microsoft, the technology is getting more traction internally.
Around 70% of commercial sales, support and partner services workers now use Microsoft 365 Copilot daily, up from 20% a year ago, said Pam Maynard, the company’s chief AI transformation officer.
“We’ve got the 30% daily active usage to get after,” Maynard said in an interview. “I do believe we’ll get there, and it’s just part of change management and helping people to develop that habit.”
Traders work on the floor at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in New York City, U.S., Nov. 26, 2025.
Brendan McDermid | Reuters
The U.S. stock market was closed Thursday stateside for Thanksgiving Day and will reopen on Friday until 1 p.m. ET.
With approximately just 3 hours of trading left for the month, major U.S. indexes are looking to end November in the red, based on CNBC calculations.
As of Wednesday’s close, the S&P 500 was down 0.4% month to date, the Dow Jones Industrial Average 0.29% lower during the same period and the Nasdaq Composite retreating 2.15%, vastly underperforming its siblings as technology stocks stumbled in November.
Unless there’s a huge jump in stocks during the shortened trading session on Friday stateside — which might not be an unequivocally positive move since it would raise more questions about the market’s sustainability — that means the indexes are on track to snap their winning streaks. The S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average have risen in the past six months, and the Nasdaq Composite seven.
It will also mark a divergence from the historical norm. The S&P 500 has advanced an average of 1.8% in November since 1950, according to the Stock Trader’s Almanac. And in the year following a U.S. presidential election, it typically rises 1.6%.
But it’s not been a typical post-presidential election year. It’s hard to see the market, in the coming months, or even years, moving according to any historical trajectory.
What you need to know today
U.S. futures are mostly flat Thursday night. The stock market was closed during the day for Thanksgiving in the U.S. Asia-Pacific markets traded mixed Friday. Japan’s Nikkei 225 ticked up in volatile trading after Tokyo inflation came in hotter than expected.
Trump to suspend migration from ‘Third World Countries.’ The U.S. president will also cancel federal benefits and subsidies to “noncitizens” in the country, he said in Truth Social posts on Thursday night stateside. Trump did not specify which countries would be affected.
South Korea imposes sanctions on Prince Group. The Cambodian conglomerate is accused of running large-scale fraud operations across Southeast Asia. The U.S., U.K. and Singapore have also imposed punitive measures on the company.
Russia is ready for ‘serious’ discussions for peace. The U.S.-led framework “can be the basis for future agreements,”Russian President Vladimir Putin said Thursday, as translated by Reuters. He added that the U.S. seemed to take Moscow’s position “into account.”
[PRO] Bank of America doesn’t see much upside for 2026. The S&P 500 should rise by a single-digit percentage point, a slowdown from recent years because one supporting factor will be shrinking, said a strategist from the bank.
And finally…
An operator works at the data centre of French company OVHcloud in Roubaix, northern France on April 3, 2025.
It’s unlikely that Europe will lead in building facilities for AI hyperscalers or for the training of AI — that race is considered all but won — but the general consensus is that it could excel in smaller, cloud-focused and connectivity-style facilities.
Europe has “a lot of constraints, but, actually, the more difficult something is to replicate, the more long-term value what you’ve got has,” said Seb Dooley, senior fund manager at Principal Asset Management.
A general view of the Baidu logo is seen at the Shanghai New Expo Center during the World Artificial Intelligence Conference 2025 in Shanghai, China, on July 28, 2025.
Ying Tang | Nurphoto | Getty Images
Tech giant Baidu is emerging as one of China’s key artificial intelligence chip players, positioning itself as a challenger to Huawei as both look to fill the void left by industry leader Nvidia being kept out of the country.
Best-known as China’s biggest search business, Baidu has in recent years refocused its business around driverless cars and AI, including a majority-owned subsidiary, Kunlunxin, which designs chips.
Several analysts have upgraded their outlook on Baidu’s stock over the past few weeks, citing the semiconductor business and forecasting the unit will gain more domestic orders.
This month, Baidu laid out a five-year roadmap for its Kunlun AI chips, beginning with the M100 in 2026 and the M300 in 2027. The company already uses a mix of its self-developed chips in its data centers to run its ERNIE AI models, as well as Nvidia products.
Baidu makes money by selling its chips to third parties building data centers as well as renting out computing capacity via its cloud. It has sought to position itself as a so-called “full stack” AI offering with infrastructure made up of chips, servers and data centers, as well as AI models and applications.
And the chip business appears to be gaining traction. Earlier this year, Kunlunxin won orders from suppliers to China Mobile, one of the country’s biggest mobile carriers.
“Kunlunxin has emerged as a leading domestic AI chip developer, focusing on high- performance AI chips for large language model (LLM) training and inference, cloud computing, and telecom and enterprise workloads,” analysts at Deutsche Bank said in a note this month.
While Nvidia’s graphics processing units (GPUs) are widely regarded as the most advanced chips for training and running AI, the company has been blocked by the U.S. government from selling its top-end product to China. Beijing has also reportedly been persuading local tech companies not to buy the H20, a less powerful Nvidia chip designed for the Chinese market and greenlit for export.
With Huawei — the leading player through its massive clusters of chips — out of the picture, analysts are suggesting Baidu will fill the void and its chip business is set for explosive growth.
“We believe domestic demand for AI compute in China remains intense, and hyperscalers are increasingly sourcing from local solution providers,” JPMorgan said in a note on Sunday. “We view Kunlun AI chip as one of the best positioned.”
The investment bank analysts forecast Baidu chips sales to increase six-fold to reach 8 billion Chinese yuan ($1.1 billion) in 2026.
Analysts at Macquarie estimate that Baidu’s Kunlun chip unit could be valued at about $28 billion.
Baidu is not alone among China’s tech giants when it comes to self-developed semiconductors. CNBC reported in August that Alibaba is also developing its next-generation AI chip.
AI chip shortages hit China
Baidu’s chip push comes as Chinese tech giants this month said they’re seeing supply shortages.
Eddie Wu, CEO of Alibab, said that “the supply side is going to be a relatively large bottleneck” over the next two-to-three years, referring to components and chips required to build data centers.
Tencent said this month that its 2025 capital expenditure would be lower than initially anticipated. But Tencent President Martin Lau said this this was not because of a lack of demand, but more a shortage of available chips to spend the money on.
“It is not a reflection of our change in AI strategy … It is indeed a change in terms of the AI chip availability,” Lau said.
Chinese tech firms have tried to mitigate the shortage by using stockpiled chips, as well as trying to make their AI models more efficient to do more with the semiconductors they have.
Meanwhile, China has its own challenges with manufacturing because its biggest chipmaker SMIC, is unable to compete on the scale and technology with leaders like Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. That makes it hard for the China to manufacture enough domestic chips to fill the shortfall.
Like their U.S. counterparts, Chinese tech companies have continually reported strong demand for AI.
“We see that customer demand for AI is and remains very strong. In fact, we are not even able to keep pace with the growth in customer demand … in terms of the pace at which we can deploy new servers,” Alibaba’s Wu said this week.
That gives Baidu an opportunity in China.
“Baidu’s chip push is both a necessity and an opportunity. It’s a necessity, because Chinese platforms can no longer assume a steady diet of US GPUs; opportunity, because there’s now a semi‑captive, multi‑billion‑dollar domestic market for AI hardware that is compliant with both US export rules and Beijing’s self‑reliance agenda,” Nick Patience, practice lead for AI at The Futurum Group, told CNBC.
“If Baidu can ship competitive Kunlun generations on time, it doesn’t just solve its own supply problem — it becomes a strategic supplier to the rest of China’s AI industry.”
Traders work on the floor at the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in New York City, U.S., Nov. 26, 2025.
Brendan McDermid | Reuters
The U.S. stock market was closed Thursday stateside for Thanksgiving Day and will reopen on Friday until 1 p.m. ET.
With approximately just 3 hours of trading left for the month, major U.S. indexes are looking to end November in the red, based on CNBC calculations.
As of Wednesday’s close, the S&P 500 was down 0.4% month to date, the Dow Jones Industrial Average 0.29% lower during the same period and the Nasdaq Composite retreating 2.15%, vastly underperforming its siblings as technology stocks stumbled in November.
Unless there’s a huge jump in stocks during the shortened trading session on Friday stateside — which might not be an unequivocally positive move since it would raise more questions about the market’s sustainability — that means the indexes are on track to snap their winning streaks. The S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average have risen in the past six months, and the Nasdaq Composite seven.
It will also mark a divergence from the historical norm. The S&P 500 has advanced an average of 1.8% in November since 1950, according to the Stock Trader’s Almanac. And in the year following a U.S. presidential election, it typically rises 1.6%.
But it’s not been a typical post-presidential election year. It’s hard to see the market, in the coming months, or even years, moving according to any historical trajectory.
Apple files a case against India’s antitrust body. The Competition Commission of India is investigating complaints about Apple’s in-app purchase policies, and could fine the company based on its global turnover — which means a potential $38 billion penalty.
Russia is ready for ‘serious’ discussions for peace. The U.S.-led framework “can be the basis for future agreements,”Russian President Vladimir Putin said Thursday, as translated by Reuters. He added that the U.S. seemed to take Moscow’s position “into account.”
[PRO] Bank of America doesn’t see much upside for 2026. The S&P 500 should rise by a single-digit percentage point, a slowdown from recent years because one supporting factor will be shrinking, said a strategist from the bank.
And finally…
An operator works at the data centre of French company OVHcloud in Roubaix, northern France on April 3, 2025.
It’s unlikely that Europe will lead in building facilities for AI hyperscalers or for the training of AI — that race is considered all but won — but the general consensus is that it could excel in smaller, cloud-focused and connectivity-style facilities.
Europe has “a lot of constraints, but, actually, the more difficult something is to replicate, the more long-term value what you’ve got has,” said Seb Dooley, senior fund manager at Principal Asset Management.