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Judge Yvonne Gonzalez Rogers handed down a decision in a closely-watched trial between Apple and Epic Games on Friday.

Rogers issued an injunction that said that Apple will no longer be allowed to prohibit developers from providing links or other communications that direct users away from Apple in-app purchasing, of which it takes 15% to 30% of gross sales.

The injunction addresses a longstanding developer complaint and raises the possibility that developers could direct their uses to their website to subscribe or purchase digital content, hurting Apple’s App Store sales.

Apple stock dropped 2% in trading on Friday.

The decision concludes the first part of the battle between the two companies over Apple’s App Store policies and whether they stifle competition. Apple won on 9 of 10 counts but was found to engage in anticompetitive conduct under California law, and will be forced to change its App Store policies and loosen its grip over in-app purchases. The injunction will come into effect in December.

“The Court concludes that Apple’s anti-steering provisions hide critical information from consumers and illegally stifle consumer choice,” Rogers wrote. “When coupled with Apple’s incipient antitrust violations, these anti-steering provisions are anticompetitive and a nationwide remedy to eliminate those provisions is warranted.”

However, Rogers said that Apple was not a monopolist and “success is not illegal.”

“Given the trial record, the Court cannot ultimately conclude that Apple is a monopolist under either federal or state antitrust laws,” Rogers wrote.

The trial took place in Oakland, California in May, and included both company CEOs testifying in open court. People familiar with the trial previously told CNBC that both sides expected the decision to be appealed regardless of what it was.

“Today the Court has affirmed what we’ve known all along: the App Store is not in violation of antitrust law. As the Court recognized ‘success is not illegal,'” Apple said in a statement. “‘ Apple faces rigorous competition in every segment in which we do business, and we believe customers and developers choose us because our products and services are the best in the world.”

Since the trial ended but before the decision was handed down, Apple has made several changes to mollify critics, some as part of settlements with other app developers, including relaxing some rules about emailing customers to encourage them to make off-app purchases and allowing some links in apps.

Rogers wrote in the decision that she disagreed with both Apple and Epic Games over the framing of the market Apple allegedly dominates. Rogers found that it was “digital mobile gaming transactions,” not all iPhone apps, as Epic Games had alleged, nor was it all video games, as Apple had claimed.

Battle over Fortnite

Epic Games is among the most prominent companies to challenge Apple’s control of its iPhone App Store, which has strict rules about what is allowed and not, and requires many software developers to use in in-app payment system, which takes between 15% to 30% of each transaction.

Epic’s most popular game is Fortnite, which makes money when players buy V-bucks, or the in-game currency to buy costumes and other cosmetic changes.

Epic wasn’t seeking money from Apple— instead, it wanted to be allowed to install its own app store on iPhones, which would allow it to bypass Apple’s cut, and impose its own fees on games it distributed. Epic Games CEO Tim Sweeney had chafed against Apple’s in-app purchase rules as early as 2015, according to court filings and exhibits.

Apple CEO Tim Cook is cross examined by Gary Bornstein as he testifies on the stand during a weeks-long antitrust trial at federal court in Oakland, California, U.S. May 21, 2021 in this courtroom sketch.
Vicki Behringer | Reuters

But the public clash between the two companies started in earnest in August 2020, when Epic implemented a plan to challenge Apple called “Project Liberty,” according to court filings.

Epic Games updated Fortnite on its servers to reduce the price of its in-game currency by 20% if players bought directly from the company, bypassing Apple’s take, and violating Apple’s rules on steering users away from its in-app payments.

Apple removed Fortnite from the App Store, meaning that new users could not download it and that it would eventually stop working on iPhones because the app could not be updated. As it planned, Epic then filed a lawsuit that culminated in May’s trial.

Epic Games will also have to pay Apple damages because it breached its contract, Rogers ruled. Epic will pay Apple 30% of all revenue it collected from iOS Fortnite through direct payments.

At the trial, Apple CEO Tim Cook testified on one of the last days, and faced pointed questioning from Judge Rogers over its restrictions on steering users to make purchases off-app, which ended up being the topic of Friday’s injunction.

“It doesn’t seem to me that you feel any pressure or competition to actually change the manner in which you act to address the concerns of developers,” Rogers said at the time.

Epic Games also sued Google over its control of the Play Store for Android phones. That case has not yet gone to trial.

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Disney making $1 billion investment in OpenAI, will allow characters on Sora AI video generator

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Disney making  billion investment in OpenAI, will allow characters on Sora AI video generator

Disney and OpenAI reach three-year licensing agreement

The Walt Disney Company on Thursday announced it will make a $1 billion equity investment in OpenAI and will allow users to make videos with its copyrighted characters on its Sora app.

OpenAI launched Sora in September, and it allows users to create short videos by simply typing in a prompt.

As part of the startup’s new three-year licensing agreement with Disney, Sora users will be able make content with more than 200 characters across Disney, Marvel, Pixar and Star Wars starting next year.

“The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence marks an important moment for our industry, and through this collaboration with OpenAI we will thoughtfully and responsibly extend the reach of our storytelling through generative AI, while respecting and protecting creators and their works,” Disney CEO Bob Iger said in a statement.

Tune in at 10:30 a.m. ET as Disney CEO Bob Iger and OpenAI CEO Sam Altman joins CNBC TV to discuss the media giant’s investment. Watch in real time on CNBC+ or the CNBC Pro stream.

As part of the agreement, Disney said it will receive warrants to purchase additional equity and will become a major OpenAI customer.

Disney is deploying OpenAI’s chatbot ChatGPT to its employees and will work with its technology to build new tools and experiences, according to a release.

When Sora launched this fall, the app rocketed to the top of Apple’s App Store and generated a storm of controversy as users flooded the platform with videos of popular brands and characters.

The Motion Picture Association said in October that OpenAI needed to take “immediate and decisive action” to prevent copyright infringement on Sora.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said more “granular control” over character generation was coming, according to a blog post following the launch.

As AI startups have rapidly changed the way that people can interact with content online, media companies, including Disney, have kicked off a series of fresh legal battles to try and protect their intellectual property.

Disney sent a cease and desist letter to Google late on Wednesday alleging the company infringed its copyrights on a “massive scale.” In the letter, which was viewed by CNBC, Disney said Google has been using its copyrighted works to train models and distributing copies of its protected content without authorization.

Universal and Disney have sued the AI image creator Midjourney, alleging that the company improperly used and distributed AI-generated characters from their movies. Disney also sent a cease and desist letter to Character.AI in September, warning the startup to stop using its copyrighted characters without authorization.

Disney’s deal with OpenAI suggests the company isn’t ruling out AI platforms entirely.

Read more CNBC tech news

The companies said they have affirmed a commitment to the use of AI that “protects user safety and the rights of creators” and “respects the creative industries,” according to the release.

OpenAI has also agreed to maintain “robust controls” to prevent illegal or harmful content from being generated on its platforms.

Some of the characters available through the deal include Mickey Mouse, Ariel, Cinderella, Iron Man and Darth Vader. Disney and OpenAI said the agreement does not include any talent likeness or voices.

Users will also be able to draw from the same intellectual property while using ChatGPT Images, where they can use natural language prompts to create images. 

“Disney is the global gold standard for storytelling, and we’re excited to partner to allow Sora and ChatGPT Images to expand the way people create and experience great content,” Altman said in a statement.

Curated selections of Sora videos will also be available to watch on Disney’s streaming platform Disney+.

WATCH: We tested OpenAI’s Sora 2 AI-video app to find out why Hollywood is worried

We tested OpenAI’s Sora 2 AI-video app to find out why Hollywood is worried

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Goldman Sachs leads investment in software delivery startup Harness at $5.5 billion valuation

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Goldman Sachs leads investment in software delivery startup Harness at .5 billion valuation

Jyoti Bansal, co-founder and CEO of Harness, speaks at the company’s Unscripted conference in London on Sept. 25, 2025.

Harness

Almost nine years ago, Jyoti Bansal sold AppDynamics to Cisco for $3.7 billion just as the software startup was set to go public.

Bansal’s latest venture, Harness, is now worth substantially more than that, after raking in $200 million in fresh capital at a $5.5 billion valuation in a funding round led by Goldman Sachs.

Harness’ technology helps companies manage and monitor code that’s produced with the help of artificial intelligence, making sure it doesn’t break, create security vulnerabilities or trigger cost overruns. It’s a compliment to the so-called vibe coding trend that’s taken off with the boom in generative AI.

In recent months, venture capitalists have poured money into startups such as Cursor, Lovable and most recently Kilo Code that sell subscriptions for tools for directing AI models to write and update software. Harness’ software draws on models from Anthropic and OpenAI.

Earlier this year, Bansal bolstered Harness’ cybersecurity chops by merging the startup with Traceable, another company he co-founded. The combined company, based in San Francisco, has a total of about 1,300 employees.

Harness is on track to exceed its goal of more than $250 million in annualized revenue, growing more than 50% year over year, Bansal said. That makes it larger than AppDynamics at the time it was acquired by Cisco.

Bansal is aiming for a different outcome this time.

“I’m a believer that at the right market timing, we want to operate as a public company, so we can build for the long term,” Bansal said.

In addition to the funding round, Harness is also planning a $40 million tender offer to provide some liquidity to long-standing employees.

WATCH: ‘Vibe-coding’s’ evil twin? How AI ‘vibe-hacking’ is upending cyber security

'Vibe-coding's' evil twin? How AI 'vibe-hacking' is upending cyber security

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Esusu, platform for renters to build credit scores, valued at $1.2 billion in new funding round

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Esusu, platform for renters to build credit scores, valued at .2 billion in new funding round

Esusu is helping renters build credit and move closer to home ownership

Esusu, a fintech platform that helps renters build credit scores, has raised $50 million in a Series C funding round at a $1.2 billion valuation.

Renters have remained largely excluded from the traditional credit system, with an estimated $1.4 trillion paid to landlords every year in the U.S., but only 20% of those landlords choosing to report the rent paid. As a result, millions of reliable renters remain in a category referred to as the “credit invisible.”

“110 million people in America rent … and less than 10% of that data shows up on their credit score,” said Esusu co-founder and CEO Wemimo Abbey in an interview on CNBC’s “Worldwide Exchange” on Thursday. “When people pay rent, we make sure it shows up in their credit score,” he said.

While on-time mortgage payments are known to increase one’s credit score, many renters don’t have any history of credit. Esusu reports on time rent payments to credit bureaus so renters can build their scores. Over 50 million Americans lack a credit history with the three major credit bureaus: Experian, Equifax and TransUnion.

The company says $30 billion in mortgages has already been accessed by renters who use its system.

“Esusu is fundamentally reshaping how the financial system can work for everyone,” Sean Mendy, partner at Westbound Equity Partners and a lead investor in the deal, said in a statement. “When people are given the tools to rise, they do.”

Esusu was ranked No. 49 on CNBC’s 2025 Disruptor 50 list.

Esusu partners with 65% of the largest commercial real estate owners and property managers in the U.S., as well as with banks. Since its launch in 2016, its platform has grown to support more than five million rental units nationwide, reaching about 12 million renters and processing nearly $100 billion in annual lease volume. Landlords that use its technology include Bell Partners, BH Management, Blackstone, Cortland, Invitation Homes, Jonathan Rose Companies, Kayne Anderson, Morgan Properties, Nuveen Real Estate, Pretium, Related Companies, TruAmerica, and WinnCompanies.

The fintech company plans to use the new funding to expand three initiatives. It will broaden distribution of its rent reporting API through what it calls “rent reporting as a service.” Among recent partners for this initiative, Esusu technology now reaches 228 million monthly active users through real estate platform Zillow. The company also plans to launch Esusu Pay in 2026, which will allow renters to split monthly rent into installments.

Esusu will also focus on the opportunity to make rental data a more prominent feature in mortgage underwriting. The Federal Housing Finance Agency has formalized the inclusion of rental data in mortgage underwriting, which will required verified rental and identity data. Esusu acquired identity verification firm Celeri early this year. Esusu already has partnerships with Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to increase the number of units nationally that report rent as part of credit.

Esusu founders Abbey and Samir Goel grew up watching their families struggle financially as immigrants from Lagos, Nigeria, and New Delhi, India, respectively, which was a founding motivation for Esusu. “When we came here, we didn’t have a credit score. We went to one of the biggest financial institutions to borrow money; we were turned away and had to go borrow from a predatory lender who wanted to lend at over 400% interest rate,” Abbey told CNBC in a June 2025 interview. “My mother sold my dad’s wedding ring. We borrowed money from church members and that’s how we got started.”

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