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People in China have been protesting over ongoing coronavirus measures as part of growing calls for freedom – and there have been unprecedented clashes with police.

Some observers view the demonstrations as the most significant and serious in China since the 1989 crackdown on student pro-democracy rallies in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square.

The size and spread of the protests in China is unusual with the days ahead remaining uncertain – and questions remain about how the authorities will deal with them if they continue to grow.

What has been happening in China?

Residents in some major cities have been taking to the streets in protest over the country’s restrictive coronavirus measures.

People have clashed with police and some have called for Xi Jinping to step down as president.

In Shanghai, police took away a busload of protesters and there were violent clashes in other places such as Wuhan.

The numbers of protesters have varied considerably across different cities, with as many as 1,000 gathering in some parts.

Small-scale vigils and protests have also been held in other parts of the world to show solidarity with the people in China – including in London, Paris, Tokyo and Sydney.

What triggered the protests?

Frustrations have been building for some time over the state’s zero-COVID policy, which has been imposed to tackle any outbreaks and has led to long spells of confinement at home for many millions of people.

Some counties have faced sudden lockdowns over a small number of infections, while in other cases individual shops have been closed after a reported infection.

Last week, a fire in Urumqi in the Xinjiang region killed 10 people who became trapped in their apartments in a building that had been in lockdown for around 100 days.

The disaster was partly blamed on people being prevented from escaping by lockdown measures – while city officials provoked more anger by appearing to blame the residents for the deaths.

It was the latest in a growing list of incidents.

Read more:
Communist Party faces threat not seen in decades
‘Ordinary, angry people’ – Sky correspondent witnesses protests in Shanghai

In September, 27 people died in a bus crash while being taken to a quarantine centre in Guizhou, far exceeding the two reported COVID-related deaths in the province since the beginning of the pandemic.

Since President Xi assumed power a decade ago, authorities have tightened controls on civil society, the media and the internet.

The strict COVID measures have kept China’s death toll much lower than many other countries, but they have also damaged the world’s second-biggest economy.

Chinese officials say the measures must be maintained to save lives, especially among the elderly given their lower vaccination rates.

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BBC journalist arrested in Shanghai

How many COVID infections are there in China?

There was a fifth straight daily record of 40,347 new infections on 27 November, of which 3,822 were symptomatic and 36,525 were asymptomatic, the National Health Commission said on Monday.

That compares with 39,791 new cases a day earlier – 3,709 symptomatic and 36,082 asymptomatic infections, which China counts separately.

There were no deaths, compared with one the previous day, keeping fatalities at 5,233.

As of Sunday, the mainland has confirmed 311,624 cases with symptoms.

What other tactics are protesters using?

People on the streets, at universities and on social media have expressed their anger using blank paper, which is becoming a symbol of the movement.

Students at universities in cities including Nanjing and Beijing held up blank paper as part of a silent protest – a tactic mostly used to evade censorship or arrest.

In Shanghai, there were reports of crowds holding a candlelight vigil for the Urumqi victims while parading blank paper.

“The white paper represent everything we want to say but cannot say,” said Johnny, 26, who took part in a gathering in Beijing.

“I came here to pay respects to the victims of the fire – I really hope we can see an end to all of these COVID measures.

“We want to live a normal life again. We want to have dignity.”

Residents gather in the street in Wuhan amid a coronavirus lockdown, as nationwide public anger mounts over the 'zero-COVID' policy curbs
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Residents gather in the street in Wuhan as nationwide anger mounts

What have other people been saying about the protests?

Summer Kay, 24, who works in the internet industry in Beijing, said: “The pandemic and the codes have brought us so much torture.

“And now there are more people becoming unemployed, and it’s becoming an ordeal for kids and the elderly to get medical attention.

“If we just remain silent, I think it will only get worse.

“Maybe tomorrow the police will find us based on the records, maybe some of us will be arrested on strange charges and disappear.”

Kay Huang, 28, was at a candlelight vigil in Beijing on Sunday and said: “I’m really touched especially when they’re singing and everything they say – we want rights, freedom and don’t give up. That’s powerful. That’s warm.

“I want to see Beijing going back to normal as a capital city. I want people to see people safe, and free and happy again, not to have so many negative thoughts.”

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The moment Vladimir Putin has craved – a red carpet from Donald Trump for a man with blood on his hands

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The moment Vladimir Putin has craved - a red carpet from Donald Trump for a man with blood on his hands

All eyes were on Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin as they met for the first time in more than six years, the Russian president visiting the US for high-stakes talks that could reshape the war in Ukraine.

The two leaders greeted each other with a handshake after stepping off their planes at the Elmendorf-Richardson military base in Anchorage, Alaska – and a smiling Trump even applauded Putin as he approached him on a red carpet that had been laid out.

It is exactly the moment Putin has craved, writes Moscow correspondent Ivor Bennett. The Russian leader has been welcomed on to US soil as an equal for a meeting of great powers.

Trump-Putin summit – latest updates

The red carpet, the handshake, the flypast – only North Korea would give an indicted war criminal a greeting like this.

It marks the end of his isolation from the West in the most spectacular fashion.

Pic: Reuters/Kevin Lamarque
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Pic: Reuters/Kevin Lamarque

Instead of sanctions, Trump has rewarded the Russian president with the equivalent of a state visit.

The pariah looks more like a partner.

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‘Will you commit to not killing civilians?’

US correspondent James Matthews, reporting from the ground in Alaska, describes the meeting on the tarmac as “extraordinary”.

There was the red carpet and more for a man with blood on his hands, he writes. Putin – aggressor, pariah and wanted for war crimes.

Quite the CV for a man who was applauded on to the airbase by his host, the US president.

It couldn’t have looked more cordial – a superpower moment with a smile and a shake between the men who hold peace in their hands.

Read more:
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The snowy remote base where Trump is hosting Putin

If that wasn’t enough, there followed a military flypast to dress the spectacle.

A smiling Putin seemed duly impressed, but what it says about the power dynamic in the relationship will trouble onlookers in Ukraine – and one moment they may have found particularly galling.

Posing for photographs with Trump before waiting media, Putin was asked: “Will you stop killing civilians?”

To which he smiled, and gave it a deaf ear

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Ukraine vows to continue drone attacks until there’s a peace deal

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Ukraine vows to continue drone attacks until there's a peace deal

Ukraine says there will be no let-up in its punishing long-range drone attacks on Russia until Moscow agrees to peace.

The warning comes ahead of Vladimir Putin meeting Donald Trump in Alaska.

Ukraine war latest: Trump prepares for summit with Putin

It was made in a rare interview with one of the key commanders of Ukraine’s drone forces.

We met in an undisclosed location in woods outside Kyiv. Brigadier General Yuriy Shchygol is a wanted man.

There is a quiet, understated but steely resolve about this man hunted by Russia. His eyes are piercing and he speaks with precision and determination.

Brigadier General Yuriy Shchygol has been in charge of several devastating drone strikes against Russia
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Brigadier General Yuriy Shchygol has been in charge of several devastating drone strikes against Russia

His drone units have done billions of dollars of damage to Russia’s economy and their range and potency is increasing exponentially.

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“Operations”, he said euphemistically, “will develop if Russia refuses a just peace and stays on Ukrainian territory”.

“Initially, we had a few drones a month, capable of striking targets 100 to 250 kilometres away. Today, we have drones capable of flying 3,000 to 4,000 kilometres, and that’s not the limit, it’s constrained only by fuel supply, which can be increased”.

A Ukrainian drone struck this building in Kursk, Russia, on Friday. Pic: Kursk regional government/AP
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A Ukrainian drone struck this building in Kursk, Russia, on Friday. Pic: Kursk regional government/AP

Cars were also damaged in the strike. Pic: Kursk regional government/AP
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Cars were also damaged in the strike. Pic: Kursk regional government/AP

His teams had just carried off one of their most complicated and most devastating strikes yet. A massive fire was raging in an oil refinery in Volgograd, or Stalingrad as it was once called.

“If the refinery is completely destroyed, it will be one of the largest operations conducted,” Brigadier General Shchygol said. “There have been other major targets too, in Saratov and Akhtubinsk. Those refineries are now either non-operational or functioning at only 5% of capacity.”

Oil is potentially Vladimir Putin’s Achilles heel. So much of his economy and war effort is dependent on it. Donald Trump could cripple Russia tomorrow if he sanctioned it but so has appeared reluctant to do so, a source of constant frustration for the Ukrainians.

Military activity on both sides has increased as diplomacy has picked up pace.

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Moscow correspondent: What’s Putin’s strategy?

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In another long-range attack, Ukraine says it hit the port of Olya in Russia’s Astrakhan region, striking a ship loaded with drone parts and ammunition sent from Iran.

But on the ground, Russian forces have made a surprise advance of more than 15km into Ukrainian territory.

Ukraine says the intrusion can be contained, but it adds to fears about its ability to hold back the Russians along the 1000-mile frontline.

Russian soldiers prepare to launch a Lancet drone in an undisclosed location in Ukraine. Pic: Russian Defence Ministry Press Service/AP
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Russian soldiers prepare to launch a Lancet drone in an undisclosed location in Ukraine. Pic: Russian Defence Ministry Press Service/AP

Read more from Sky News:
Why was Putin invited to Alaska?
Russia sends heavyweights to summit
What to expect from pivotal meeting

Russia launches almost nightly drone attacks on Ukraine’s cities, killing civilians and striking residential targets.

General Yuriy says Ukraine picks targets that hurt Russia’s war effort, and it is constantly honing its capability.

“Each operation”, he says, “uses multiple types of drones simultaneously, some fly higher, others lower. That is our technical edge.”

How satisfying, I asked, was it to watch so much enemy infrastructure go up in smoke? He answered with detached professionalism.

“It does not bring me pleasure, war can never be a source of enjoyment. Each of us has tasks we could fulfil in peacetime. But this is war; it doesn’t bring satisfaction. However, it benefits the state and harms our enemy.”

Whatever happens in Alaska, General Yuriy and his teams will continue pioneering drone warfare, hitting Vladimir Putin’s economy where it hurts most.

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India ‘will not tolerate’ nuclear blackmail, says prime minister Narendra Modi in warning to Pakistan on Independence Day

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India 'will not tolerate' nuclear blackmail, says prime minister Narendra Modi in warning to Pakistan on Independence Day

India’s Prime Minister has warned Pakistan it will not succumb to, or tolerate, nuclear blackmail.

In Narendra Modi’s 12th consecutive speech from the ramparts of Delhi’s iconic Red Fort, he addressed the nation celebrating its 79th Independence Day from colonial Britain.

He laid emphasis on ‘Atmanirbhar’, or self-reliance, in defending India by increasing and developing a more powerful weapons system for security.

Mr Modi said: “India has decided, we will not tolerate nuclear blackmail. We have established a new normal. Now we will not distinguish between terrorists and those who nurture and support terrorists. Both are enemies of humanity”

The historic Red Fort in Delhi has traditionally been the venue for the prime minister's Independence Day address. Pic: Reuters
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The historic Red Fort in Delhi has traditionally been the venue for the prime minister’s Independence Day address. Pic: Reuters

Pic: AP
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Pic: AP

Narendra Modi (top centre) waves after his speech in Delhi. Pic: Reuters
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Narendra Modi (top centre) waves after his speech in Delhi. Pic: Reuters

This comes on the back of the conflict in May after the killing of 26 people by terrorists in Pahalgam, Kashmir. In retaliation, India launched attacks on terrorist infrastructure across the border.

Pakistan retaliated, which quickly escalated into both countries launching a series of missiles, armed drones and heavy gunfire on each other.

After four days of fighting, a ceasefire was agreed to between the two nuclear-armed neighbours that have fought wars and many skirmishes over decades.

More on India

US President Donald Trump intervened saying: “I know the leaders of Pakistan and India. I know [them] very well. And they’re in the midst of a trade deal, and yet they’re talking about nuclear weapons… this is crazy.

“I’m not doing a trade deal with you if you’re going to have war, and that’s a war that spreads to other countries, you’ll get nuclear dust. When they start using nuclear weapons, that stuff blows all over the place and really bad things happen.”

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India and Pakistan agree on ceasefire

Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif immediately thanked the American president for the ceasefire and bringing about peace and stability in the region, also recommending him for the Nobel Peace Prize as a genuine peacemaker and his commitment to conflict resolution.

Mr Modi’s government is yet to acknowledge President Trump’s intervention and maintains that the Pakistani military initiated the ceasefire process and India agreed to halt military action.

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‘Pakistan has the upper hand’

In parliament, India’s Foreign Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar said: “There was no leader… nobody in the world that asked India to stop its operations. This is something the prime minister also said. There was no linkage of trade in any of these conversations and there was no talk between the prime minister and President Trump.”

Mr Modi’s speech is an audit of the year gone by and his future plans of strengthening the economy and of self-reliance in the face of very high tariffs imposed by President Trump for buying discounted Russian oil.

He spoke of bringing in structural reforms, welfare schemes for farmers, women’s empowerment, employment, technology, clean energy and the green industry, but also raised concerns about rising obesity levels.

Schoolchildren dressed with tree leaves perform during Independence Day celebrations in Kolkata. Pic: AP
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Schoolchildren dressed with tree leaves perform during Independence Day celebrations in Kolkata. Pic: AP

Assam Police Commandos in a motorbike formation at a parade in Guwahati. Pic: AP
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Assam Police Commandos in a motorbike formation at a parade in Guwahati. Pic: AP

India has the fourth largest economy in the world and is expected to be the third largest before Mr Modi’s current term ends in 2029.

Although when it comes to GDP per capita income, which serves as an indicator of individual prosperity, India is ranked 144 out of 196 countries.

The big economy illusion of GDP size has little to do with the well-being and fortune of its people, something the government refuses to acknowledge.

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Read more from Sky News:
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In its 2024 report, Paris-based World Inequality Lab said the inequality in India now is worse than under British rule. The research stated that 1% of the wealthiest Indians hold 40% of its wealth and enjoy a quarter of the nation’s income.

Comparing the ‘British Raj’ to the ‘Billionaire Raj’, the study said there are now 271 billionaires in the country and 94 new ones were added the previous year. The rise of top-end inequality in India has been particularly pronounced in terms of wealth concentration in the Modi years between 2014-15 and 2022-23.

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Explained: The UK-India trade deal

With over 1.46 billion people, India is the most populous country, making up 17.8% of the global population.

More than half the country is under 30, and it has one of the lowest old-age dependency ratios, enabling productivity, higher savings and investment.

A key challenge for the government is to match employment with its growing young population. It’s even more critical as artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in production and services, eating into jobs.

Indian Army's Bihar Regiment marching in Kolkata during Independence Day celebrations. Pic: AP
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Indian Army’s Bihar Regiment marching in Kolkata during Independence Day celebrations. Pic: AP

Bagpipers from Jammu Kashmir Police performing in Srinagar, Indian-controlled Kashmir. Pic: AP
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Bagpipers from Jammu Kashmir Police performing in Srinagar, Indian-controlled Kashmir. Pic: AP

Last week, President Trump levied an additional 25% tariff on India for buying Russian oil, taking the total tariff level to over 50% and hitting Indian manufacturing and trade.

“I don’t care what India does with Russia. They can take their dead economies down together,” the president said.

Since the Ukraine war, India has been buying discounted Russian crude and its imports have risen from 3% in 2021 to about 35% to 40% in 2024.

Defending its stance, India says it does so for its energy security and to protect millions of its citizens from rising costs.

It’s a national day of celebration with patriotic fervour all around, but also a grim reminder of the tragedy of partition – the trauma of which still haunts its people.

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