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Five years ago, NASA’s infrared Spitzer Space Telescope helped discover a family of seven rocky exoplanets orbiting the same star, known as TRAPPIST-1. Now, NASA’s new infrared powerhouse — the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) — measured the temperature of one of those worlds, TRAPPIST-1b, in new research published in the journal Nature (opens in new tab) . 

The bad news: The Earth-like planet is almost certainly uninhabitable.

Astronomers used JWST’s mid-infrared camera, called MIRI, to look for the planet’s thermal emission — think heat-sensing “Terminator” vision. They found that TRAPPIST-1b is scorching — about 450 degrees Fahrenheit (232 degrees Celsius), about the temperature of an oven — and that it likely lacks an atmosphere.

The discovery is another record-breaking first for the JWST, which has been steadily producing newsworthy results since its launch. 

Related: 25 jaw-dropping James Webb Space Telescope images 

“This is the first detection of any form of light emitted by an exoplanet as small and as cool as the rocky planets in our own solar system,” NASA officials said in a statement (opens in new tab) .

“No previous telescopes have had the sensitivity to measure such dim mid-infrared light,” Thomas Greene (opens in new tab) , a NASA astrophysicist and lead author of the new work, said in the statement. 

The initial discovery of the seven TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets spurred great excitement in the astronomical community, since all of the distant worlds are about the size of Earth and are located in their star’s habitable zone, the region that’s just the right distance from a star for liquid water to exist on a planet’s surface. This system is “a great laboratory” and “the best targets we have for looking at the atmospheres of rocky planets,” study co-author Elsa Ducrot (opens in new tab) , an astronomer with the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), said in the statement.

Don’t get too excited about a new world for humans yet, though — the TRAPPIST-1 planets are out of our current reach, at a whopping 235 trillion miles (378 trillion kilometers) away. They’re also orbiting a star much smaller and redder than our sun, known as an M dwarf star.

“There are ten times as many of these stars in the Milky Way as there are stars like the sun, and they are twice as likely to have rocky planets as stars like the sun,” Greene said. 

These abundant M dwarfs are obvious targets for astronomers seeking habitable planets, and it’s conveniently easier to observe rocky planets around these smaller stars. There’s one catch, though: M dwarfs are much more active than our sun, often flaring and spewing high-energy rays that could be damaging to budding extraterrestrial life or to a planet’s atmosphere.related stories—Monster black hole may have killed this galaxy’s star-forming power, James Webb Telescope reveals

—The James Webb Telescope detected the coldest ice in the known universe – and it contains the building blocks of life

—James Webb Space Telescope captures star going supernova in a dazzling cloud of dust

Previous observations of TRAPPIST-1b weren’t sensitive enough to determine if it had an atmosphere after all, or if it was a barren rock. The planet is tidally locked to its star, meaning one side always faces its star and the other is stuck in perpetual night. Simulations suggest that if this world had an atmosphere, the planet’s temperature would be lower, as the air would redistribute the heat around both sides. The JWST recorded a significantly hotter temperature, though — indicating no atmosphere and knocking one more planet off humanity’s list of possibly habitable worlds.

The real excitement here, however, isn’t really the specifics of TRAPPIST-1b. Instead, the crucial takeaway is that the JWST is capable of these kinds of measurements and will continue to make more of them, exploring the atmospheres and temperatures of many other worlds.

“There was one target that I dreamed of having, and it was this one,” study co-author Pierre-Olivier Lagage (opens in new tab) , also with CEA, said in the statement. Lagage is one of the developers of MIRI, the instrument that made these observations. “This is the first time we can detect the emission from a rocky, temperate planet. It’s a really important step in the story of discovering exoplanets.”

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Industrial action on agenda as actors balloted by Equity over AI scanning concerns

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Industrial action on agenda as actors balloted by Equity over AI scanning concerns

Thousands of members of actors’ trade union Equity are being asked whether they would support industrial action over artificial intelligence protections.

The organisation has launched an indicative ballot among about 7,000 members working in film and TV.

Performers are being asked whether they are prepared to refuse to be digitally scanned on set in order to secure adequate artificial intelligence protections.

It will be the first time the performing arts and entertainment trade union has asked this whole section of its membership to vote in a ballot.

The Hollywood strikes took place in 2023. File pic: AP
Image:
The Hollywood strikes took place in 2023. File pic: AP

The announcement follows the Hollywood strikes in 2023, when members of Equity’s sister union in the US, SAG-AFTRA, and writers, went on strike over issues including AI.

Video game actors in the US also protested over the use of AI, ending almost a year of industrial action earlier in 2025.

Equity’s ballot opens on Thursday and runs for two weeks, and will show the level of support the union has for action short of a strike.

Another statutory ballot would have to be made before any industrial action is taken.

“While tech companies get away with stealing artists’ likeness or work, and the government and decision makers fret over whether to act, unions including Equity are at the forefront of the fight to ensure working people are protected from artificial intelligence misuse,” Equity general secretary Paul W Fleming said in a statement.

“If bosses can’t ensure someone’s likeness and work won’t be used without their consent, why should performers consent to be digitally scanned in the first place?”

Mr Fleming said the ballot would give members the opportunity to “send a clear message to the industry: that it is a basic right of performers to have autonomy over their own personhood and identity”.

The union has no choice but to recommend members support industrial action, he said.

“It’s time for the bosses to step away from the brink and offer us a package, including on AI protections, which respects our members,” added Mr Fleming.

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Spotify Wrapped: How does it work – and who are this year’s top artists?

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Spotify Wrapped: How does it work - and who are this year's top artists?

The hotly anticipated Spotify Wrapped is revealing our top tracks, artists and albums for 2025.

But how does the streaming service calculate personalised summaries of users’ listening habits and rank the UK’s hottest artists?

Here’s a look at how your data is used.

The platform describes the annual statistics as “a chance to look back on your year in sound”.

It says data is captured between January and mid-November on every account, although it mostly excludes anything streamed in private mode. (Don’t worry, your passion for the Spice Girls can be kept secret.)

Wrapped presents personalised listening statistics, which Spotify calls the “real story of your year of listening”, alongside global figures for comparison.

The streaming service says Minutes Listened reflects the actual time spent listening to audio on the platform.

More on Spotify

Once a user streams at least 30 tracks, Spotify generates a list of Your Top Songs. Similarly, Your Top Artists ranks artists based on total minutes listening to a particular performer.

Other metrics identify the top genres users have played, as well as podcasts and audiobooks ranked by total minutes listened. And if you’ve listened to at least 70% of tracks on a record, you’ll see top albums too.

Spotify also creates Your Listening Age, a guesstimate of your age based on the era of the music “you feel most connected to”.

The streaming service says the statistic is calculated using a five-year span of music which users engaged with more than other listeners of a similar age.

Spotify has been summing up 2025's most listened to tracks. Pic: Spotify
Image:
Spotify has been summing up 2025’s most listened to tracks. Pic: Spotify

Swift vs Bunny

Pop superstar Taylor Swift has been named the UK’s most-streamed artist on Spotify for the third year in a row.

But she dropped out of the top spot in the global rankings, coming second to Puerto Rican superstar Bad Bunny, who secured more than 19.8 billion streams. Third were The Weeknd, followed by Drake and Billie Eilish.

Bad Bunny’s LP Debi Tirar Mas Fotos was the most listened-to album worldwide.

Read more from Sky News:
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Spotify revealed Drake was the UK’s second most-listened to artist, followed by Sabrina Carpenter in third, The Weeknd in fourth and Billie Eilish in fifth.

Despite being the most listened-to artist, Swift failed to break into the UK’s top five most listened-to songs and albums of the year.

Alex Warren’s Ordinary was the most-streamed song, and Short ‘N’ Sweet, released by Carpenter last year, the top album.

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Israel allowed to take part in Eurovision 2026 – as at least three countries withdraw

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Israel allowed to take part in Eurovision 2026 - as at least three countries withdraw

Israel will be allowed to compete in next year’s Eurovision Song Contest – with several broadcasters saying they will now boycott the event.

Dutch broadcaster AVROTROS, Spain’s RTVE and Ireland’s RTE immediately issued statements saying they will not participate in the 2026 contest following the European Broadcasting Union’s general assembly meeting on Thursday.

Sky News understands Slovenia’s broadcaster will also pull out.

Members were asked to vote in a secret ballot on whether they were happy with new rules announced last month, without going ahead with a vote on participation next year.

In a statement, the EBU said members had shown “clear support for reforms to reinforce trust and protect neutrality”.

Ahead of the assembly, Israel’s public broadcaster KAN said its chief executive Golan Yochpaz and representative to the EBU, Ayala Mizrahi, would present KAN’s position “regarding attempts to disqualify Israel from the competition”.

The rule changes annnounced in November came after Israeli singer Yuval Raphael received the largest number of votes from the public at this year’s contest, held in Basel, Switzerland, in May – ultimately finishing as runner-up to Austria’s entry after the jury votes were counted.

More on Eurovision

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