A crunch deal to raise the US debt ceiling has been voted through by the House of Representatives.
The agreement – which aims to avert a potentially catastrophic scenario where the US defaults on its national debts – passed through the Republican-majority House by 314 to 117 votes.
The proposal will now move to the Senate. The Senate’s majority leader, Chuck Schumer, has vowed to move quickly to pass the bill.
It needs to be on President Joe Biden’s desk by Monday’s deadline – the point at which the US federal government is expected to run out of money to pay its bills.
“This agreement is good news for the American people and the American economy,” Mr Biden said after the vote.
“I urge the Senate to pass it as quickly as possible so that I can sign it into law.”
Image: The deal comes after an agreement was reached between Republican Mr McCarthy and Democrat president, Joe Biden
What is the debt limit – and why does it matter?
The main aim of the deal is to increase the US debt limit from $31.4trn (£25.3trn) – which it achieves by suspending the borrowing limit until January 2025 rather than setting a new level.
It also averts a situation where the US defaults on its national debts – a scenario that would have huge impacts both for the US and the wider world economy.
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US Treasury secretary Janet Yellen previously warned that without a deal to suspend the debt ceiling, the US would not have enough money to meet all of its financial obligations by 5 June.
That would mean civil servant wages, social welfare payments, and health insurance would go unpaid.
Crisis gets kicked down the road – but is a ‘moment of reckoning’ to come?
American politics has a strange ability to create a sort of manufactured jeopardy, which then has the prospect of becoming a self-fulfilling prophecy.
Few really believe that the country’s politicians will actually allow the nation to default for the first time in its history.
But this game of chicken is going to the wire – both sides unwilling to move, even to negotiate, until the last minute to eke out concessions.
And to be clear, it is a game which can go wrong – and if a default did happen, it would be a global crisis.
The vote overnight, for the deal – to raise the debt ceiling – means the crisis is a little closer to being avoided.
Congressmen and women found consensus in a deeply divided house to vote for the deal which had been hammered out by President Biden and his political foe, House speaker Kevin McCarthy, over the past few days. It passed 314 to 117.
But in their pre-vote speeches, it was clear that many, many politicians have deep reservations about the level of unsustainable debt.
Yes, they were relieved that the deal allows bills to be paid, it protects the country’s credit rating, medical care is protected as is social security.
But, “a moment of reckoning is coming”, one Republican warned. Another said the level of debt is “totally unsustainable and irresponsible”.
Some Republicans celebrated concessions they got, which will impose spending caps and place checks and balances on the executive branch of government.
But the consensus was that it wasn’t perfect or even good for anyone. But that’s the price of such divided politics.
The bill now heads to senators. They may want amendments, but are likely to pass it. Crisis is then averted. This game of chicken over. Debt ceiling raised. Can kicked down the road.
If the US no longer pays interest on its bonds – IOUs it issued to raise funds – it would default on debt payments and its credit rating would fall.
A vital way the country raises money – selling bonds – would also be at risk due to the insecurity will markets would charge more to lend to the US.
Economists warn that a prolonged period where the US cannot pay its bills would lead to a nearly 20% drop in stock prices – and an economic contraction of up to 4%.
Bipartisan deal
Wednesday’s vote comes after Mr Biden and leader of the House of Representatives, speaker Kevin McCarthy, reached an agreement over the country’s debt ceiling.
In order to secure the agreement, the Democrats were forced to make concessions to the typically pro-small-state Republicans, including spending cuts and policy concessions.
In a speech before the vote, Mr McCarthy praised the bill’s budget cuts, which he said were needed to curb Washington’s “runaway spending”.
Despite his praise of the deal, it drew opposition from 71 hardline Republicans. That would normally be enough to block partisan legislation, but 165 Democrats backed the measure and pushed it through.
Thousands of people gathered in various cities across the US as protests against Donald Trump and Elon Musk took place in all 50 states on Saturday.
Around 1,200 demonstrations were planned in locations including Washington DC, New York City and West Palm Beach, Florida – just miles away from where the US president has this weekend played golf.
The “Hands Off!” protests were against the Trump administration’s handling of government downsizing, human rights and the economy, among other issues.
In Washington DC, protesters streamed on the grass in front of the Washington Monument, where one person carried a banner which read: “Make democracy great again.”
Image: Thousands gathered in Washington DC to rally against various Trump policies. Pic: AP
Image: Pic: AP
Another protester took aim at Mr Trump‘s handling of Russia and Ukraine, with a placard that read: “Stop Putin’s puppets from destroying America.”
Tesla boss Mr Musk also featured on many signs due to his role in controversial government cuts as head of the newly created Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE).
Image: Demonstrators in NYC. Pic: AP
Image: People marching in Atlanta, Georgia. Pic: Reuters
Image: A rally in Vermont. Pic: The Brattleboro Reformer via AP
Terry Klein, a retired biomedical scientist, said she drove to the rally to protest Mr Trump’s policies on “everything from immigration to the DOGE stuff to the tariffs this week, to education”.
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“I mean, our whole country is under attack, all of our institutions, all the things that make America what it is,” she added.
Image: A drone view of the protest at the Utah State Capitol building. Pic Reuters
Image: A protester sports a Handmaid’s Tale costume. Pic: Reuters
Image: Pic: Reuters
Some at the various protests carried Ukrainian flags, while others sported rainbow attire and waved rainbow flags in support of the LGBTQ+ community.
Other protesters wore Palestinian keffiyeh scarves and carried “Free Palestine” signs.
Protesters refuse to take Donald Trump’s policies lying down
It was built to honour George Washington, a founding father of the United States.
And in the shadow of the 555ft Washington Monument, protestors were refusing to accept Donald Trump’s policies lying down.
“Stand tall,” they chanted, again and again.
“In every city, stand tall. In every state, stand tall. In truth, stand tall. In justice, stand tall.”
Those words, shouted by thousands on the city’s iconic mall, were reinforced by the words on their placards and t-shirts.
A minister, wearing a t-shirt with ‘Troublesome Priest’ printed on it, told me she found what was happening in the US government “appalling and immortal”.
One man said he had won the long-distance award, having travelled 2,750 miles from Hawaii for the protest.
“I finally reached a breaking point,” he added. “I couldn’t take it anymore.”
Another woman said: “We have to speak up, we have to act, we have to do something, because this is not America.”
I asked her what she would say to those who argue the people did speak when they elected Donald Trump as president.
She replied: “Some people have spoken and then some people have not and those of us that have not, we need to speak now.”
Thousands marched in New York City’s midtown Manhattan and in Boston, Massachusetts, while hundreds gathered in the sunshine outside the Utah State Capitol building in Salt Lake City, and in the rain outside the Statehouse in Columbus, Ohio.
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Mr Trump – who shook financial markets with his tariffs announcement this week – spent the day in Florida, playing a round of golf before returning to his Mar-a-Lago residence.
Image: People protest in Manhattan. Pic: Reuters
Image: Activists in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. Pic: AP
Some four miles from Mar-a-Lago, more than 400 people gathered – and drivers honked their horns in support of protesters who held up signs including one which read: “Markets tank, Trump golfs.”
The White House has said Mr Trump plans to go golfing again on Sunday.
Global financial markets gave a clear vote of no-confidence in President Trump’s economic policy.
The damage it will do is obvious: costs for companies will rise, hitting their earnings.
The consequences will ripple throughout the global economy, with economists now raising their expectations for a recession, not only in the US, but across the world.
While the UK’s FTSE 100 closed down 1.55% and the continent’s STOXX Europe 600 index was down 2.67% as of 5.30pm, it was American traders who were hit the most.
All three of the US’s major markets opened to sharp losses on Thursday morning.
Image: The S&P 500 is set for its worst day of trading since the COVID-19 pandemic. File pic: AP
By 8.30pm UK time (3.30pm EST), The Dow Jones Industrial Average was down 3.7%, the S&P 500 opened with a drop of 4.4%, and the Nasdaq composite was down 5.6%.
Compared to their values when Donald Trump was inaugurated, the three markets were down around 5.6%, 8.7% and 14.4%, respectively, according to LSEG.
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Worst one-day losses since COVID
As Wall Street trading ended at 9pm in the UK, two indexes had suffered their worst one-day losses since the COVID-19 pandemic.
The S&P 500 fell 4.85%, the Nasdaq dropped 6%, and the Dow Jones fell 4%.
It marks Nasdaq’s biggest daily percentage drop since March 2020 at the start of COVID, and the largest drop for the Dow Jones since June 2020.
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5:07
The latest numbers on tariffs
‘Trust in President Trump’
White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt told CNN earlier in the day that Mr Trump was “doubling down on his proven economic formula from his first term”.
“To anyone on Wall Street this morning, I would say trust in President Trump,” she told the broadcaster, adding: “This is indeed a national emergency… and it’s about time we have a president who actually does something about it.”
Later, the US president told reporters as he left the White House that “I think it’s going very well,” adding: “The markets are going to boom, the stock is going to boom, the country is going to boom.”
He later said on Air Force One that the UK is “happy” with its tariff – the lowest possible levy of 10% – and added he would be open to negotiations if other countries “offer something phenomenal”.
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3:27
How is the world reacting to Trump’s tariffs?
Economist warns of ‘spiral of doom’
The turbulence in the markets from Mr Trump’s tariffs “just left everybody in shock”, Garrett Melson, portfolio strategist at Natixis Investment Managers Solutions in Boston, told Reuters.
He added that the economy could go into recession as a result, saying that “a lot of the pain, will probably most acutely be felt in the US and that certainly would weigh on broader global growth as well”.
Meanwhile, chief investment officer at St James’s Place Justin Onuekwusi said that international retaliation is likely, even as “it’s clear countries will think about how to retaliate in a politically astute way”.
He warned: “Significant retaliation could lead to a tariff ‘spiral of doom’ that could be the growth shock that drags us into recession.”
It comes as the UK government published a long list of US products that could be subject to reciprocal tariffs – including golf clubs and golf balls.
Running to more than 400 pages, the list is part of a four-week-long consultation with British businesses and suggests whiskey, jeans, livestock, and chemical components.
Meanwhile, Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer said on Thursday that the US president had launched a “new era” for global trade and that the UK will respond with “cool and calm heads”.
It also comes as Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney announced a 25% tariff on all American-imported vehicles that are not compliant with the US-Mexico-Canada trade deal.
He added: “The 80-year period when the United States embraced the mantle of global economic leadership, when it forged alliances rooted in trust and mutual respect and championed the free and open exchange of goods and services, is over. This is a tragedy.”