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A controversial law that would effectively end prosecutions related to The Troubles has passed its final hurdle in the Commons – despite anger from all sides on the island of Ireland.

MPs today approved the Northern Ireland Troubles (Legacy and Reconciliation) Bill, which will stop new cases and inquests being opened into killings on both sides of the conflict.

Instead, conditional amnesty will be offered to those who reveal information about the incidents to a new truth recovery body.

Read more: Concrete scandal dominates first PMQs since recess

Inspired by Nelson Mandela’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa, the Independent Commission for Reconciliation and Information Recovery will also produce a historical record of what is known in relation to every death that occurred during the Troubles.

Northern Ireland Secretary Chris Heaton-Harris said he believed the bill – which will now return to the Lords to be approved before becoming law – would “draw a line under the past”, and it has received support from a number of veterans’ organisations.

Bill is biggest test of Anglo-Irish relations in 50 years


David Blevins - Senior Ireland correspondent

David Blevins

Senior Ireland correspondent

@skydavidblevins

Legislation to end historical prosecutions in Northern Ireland could be the biggest test of Anglo-Irish relations in half a century.

It was 1971 when Dublin last brought a case against the UK Government to the European Court of Human Rights.

Opposition to the controversial Legacy Bill has created the most unlikely alliance of Unionists, Nationalists, Dublin, Washington and the EU.

The Government will focus on the fact that British Army veterans will be granted immunity from prosecution for historical offences.

But the amnesty will also apply to the very terrorists who murdered British soldiers on the streets of Northern Ireland.

The Northern Ireland Secretary Chris Heaton-Harris MP claims the Northern Ireland Legacy Bill will “draw a line under the past.”

But relatives of victims say it only benefits perpetrators because it is they who will choose between truth and justice.

If someone accused of murder provides information to a new Truth Recovery Body, they will be granted a prosecutorial amnesty.

With 3,000 of the 3,500 troubles murders unresolved, the legacy of the past has clouded the Northern Ireland peace process.

But the cloud won’t be lifted by demanding too high a price from those who have paid most – the victims.

However, there is much wider criticism of the plan, with victims groups saying the law would protect the perpetrators of the killings, rather than offering justice.

All the political parties in Northern Ireland are also united against the legislation, as well as the government in Dublin.

Read more:
The Good Friday Agreement 25 years on
Bloody Sunday: A ‘watershed’ in the history of The Troubles

Irish foreign minister Micheal Martin told the Financial Times this week that ministers were seeking legal advice over whether the bill breaches Article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights – “right to life” – meaning it could be challenged in the courts.

If the Irish government launches a legal battle, it will only be the second time Dublin has taken the UK to court, with the last case over actions in Northern Ireland taking place 52 years ago.

More than 3,500 people were killed during the Troubles, including over 1,000 members of the security forces.

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Chancellor Rachel Reeves considering ‘changes’ to ISAs – and says there’s too much focus on ‘risk’ in investing

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Chancellor Rachel Reeves considering 'changes' to ISAs - and says there's too much focus on 'risk' in investing

The chancellor has confirmed she is considering “changes” to ISAs – and said there has been too much focus on “risk” in members of the public investing.

In her second annual Mansion House speech to the financial sector, Rachel Reeves said she recognised “differing views” over the popular tax-free savings accounts, in which savers can currently put up to £20,000 a year.

She was reportedly considering reducing the threshold to as low as £4,000 a year, in a bid to encourage people to put money into stocks and shares instead and boost the economy.

However the chancellor has shelved any immediate planned changes after fierce backlash from building societies and consumer groups.

In her speech to key industry figures on Tuesday evening, Ms Reeves said: “I will continue to consider further changes to ISAs, engaging widely over the coming months and recognising that despite the differing views on the right approach, we are united in wanting better outcomes for both savers and for the UK economy.”

She added: “For too long, we have presented investment in too negative a light, quick to warn people of the risks, without giving proper weight to the benefits.”

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Rachel Reeves’s fiscal dilemma

Ms Reeves’s speech, the first major one since the welfare bill climbdown two weeks ago, appeared to encourage regulators to focus less on risks and more on the benefits of investing in things like the stock market and government bonds (loans issued by states to raise funds with an interest rate paid in return).

She welcomed action by the financial regulator to review risk warning rules and the campaign to promote retail investment, which the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is launching next year.

“Our tangled system of financial advice and guidance has meant that people cannot get the right support to make decisions for themselves”, Ms Reeves told the event in London.

Read more:
Should you get Lifetime ISA? Two key issues to consider
Building societies protest against proposed ISA reforms
Is there £15bn of wiggle room in Reeves’s fiscal rules?

Last year, Ms Reeves said post-financial crash regulation had “gone too far” and set a course for cutting red tape.

On Tuesday, she said she would announce a package of City changes, including a new competitive framework for a part of the insurance industry and a regulatory regime for asset management.

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Reeves is ‘totally’ up for the job

In response to Ms Reeves’s address, shadow chancellor Sir Mel Stride said: “Rachel Reeves should have used her speech this evening to rule out massive tax rises on businesses and working people. The fact that she didn’t should send a shiver down the spine of taxpayers across the country.”

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The governor of the Bank of England, Andrew Bailey, also spoke at the Mansion House event and said Donald Trump’s taxes on US imports would slow the economy and trade imbalances should be addressed.

“Increasing tariffs creates the risk of fragmenting the world economy, and thereby reducing activity”, he said.

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Crypto-backed group gathers $141M funding to influence US elections

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Crypto-backed group gathers 1M funding to influence US elections

Crypto-backed group gathers 1M funding to influence US elections

Fairshake reported raising $52 billion from the crypto industry in the first half of 2025, at a time when candidates previously supported by the PAC were providing crucial votes.

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Programmable regulation is the missing key to DeFi’s legal future

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Programmable regulation is the missing key to DeFi’s legal future

Programmable regulation is the missing key to DeFi’s legal future

Programmable regulation could be the solution to legacy regulatory frameworks struggling to keep pace with DeFi’s rapidly evolving ecosystems. Embedding compliance in code can bring legal clarity, reduce risk and foster innovation in DeFi.

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