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Boris Johnson described long COVID as “b*******”, the inquiry into the pandemic in the UK has heard.

A document from October 2020 described the symptoms of the condition, beside which the then prime minister wrote “b*******” and “this is Gulf War Syndrome”.

Mr Johnson repeated similar remarks in a WhatsApp message four months later, the UK COVID-19 Inquiry heard.

In February 2021, Mr Johnson wrote: “Do we really believe in long COVID? Why can’t we hedge it more? I bet it’s complete Gulf War Syndrome stuff.”

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COVID ‘chaos’ at No 10

Professor Chris Brightling, professor of respiratory medicine, and Dr Rachael Evans, clinical associate professor and honorary consultant respiratory physician, both at the University of Leicester, said they were disappointed the condition was apparently dismissed at such a high level.

Giving evidence on Friday, Prof Brightling said: “I’m deeply saddened and extremely angry at the same time.

“There are people in this room, there are people who are watching who have either suffered with long COVID themselves or their loved ones had long COVID, and I would be surprised if there are people in this room who do not at least know somebody who’s had long COVID.”

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He went on to question whether Mr Johnson was saying “b******* to the science”, which he said was “clearly wrong because the science was already quite compelling that this was a problem”.

Prof Brightling added: “Is it b******* to the patients because he actually didn’t really feel that they deserved a voice?”

Prof Brightling said the comments and the fact Mr Johnson’s view appeared not to change as the pandemic progressed was “yet another unbelievable thing that happened”.

He added: “We don’t know how much this influenced the activity from government, and what government then did. But you would expect if the prime minister’s view was such it may well have had an influence on other people in government.”

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Boris Johnson and his wife Carrie
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Mr Johnson and his wife Carrie

‘Shocking and just beyond disappointing’

Dr Evans said the condition is “a very real phenomenon”.

Asked for her reaction to Mr Johnson’s words, she said: “It’s shocking and just beyond disappointing, and I still feel very emotive when you see it because obviously we’ve got people here, as Chris has said, that are living through this absolutely dreadful illness.”

She added: “To see that your own prime minister has written something like that, I just can’t begin to think how people living through it feel.

“And actually, as clinicians and researchers, we were already feeding back very clear descriptions of what this illness looked like, even if we didn’t know exactly what was causing it and all the rest of it. It was a very real and is a very real phenomenon.”

Anthony Metzer KC, speaking on behalf of Long COVID Kids, Long COVID SOS and Long COVID Support, previously told the inquiry Mr Johnson initially “denied the truth” of the suffering of long COVID patients.

He said: “The UK’s senior-most decision-makers were dismissing, diminishing and disbelieving the very existence and risk of long COVID.”

Boris Johnson flanked by cabinet secretary Simon Case in May 2022
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Mr Johnson with his cabinet secretary Simon Case in May 2022

‘PM meetings aren’t working’

The inquiry also released an undated draft report containing responses from over 45 people predominantly working closely in Number 10 and the Cabinet Office who were asked about what problems had occurred and what could be done better.

The document said there were “some universal themes”, including: “PM meetings aren’t working”, “Decisions are never final” and “We have a hundred actions and no plan”.

Staff were also “exhausted and stressed”, the document added. It said: “‘No one listens to anyone else’. Views ignored. Bad behaviour from senior leaders tolerated. Too much politics (small p).”

It also noted: “No 10 always at war with someone. Everyone wants to be in the room with the PM.

“Lots of people (including those who had talked over junior women) mentioned junior women being talked over or ignored.”

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Kraken co-CEO warns UK rules meant to protect users now punish them: FT

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Kraken co-CEO warns UK rules meant to protect users now punish them: FT

Arjun Sethi, the co-CEO of major crypto exchange Kraken, criticized the United Kingdom’s crypto regulations, which he believes hinder services for their customers.

In an interview with the Financial Times, Sethi said that “in the UK today, if you go to any crypto website, including Kraken’s, you see the equivalent to a cigarette box.” He suggested that the disclaimers have a significant impact on customer experience.

Sethi suggested that disclosures slow users down and that, because of the importance of speed in crypto trading, “it’s worse for customers.” He concluded that “disclosures are important […] but if there are 14 steps, it’s worse.”

The UK Financial Conduct Authority’s (FCA) updated financial promotion regime came into force in October 2023. It introduced a “cooling-off” period for first-time crypto investors and requires firms to assess whether users have sufficient knowledge and experience before trading.

Sethi said that the rules may prompt customers to avoid investing in crypto altogether, potentially leading to missed potential gains. The FCA defended the rules, noting that “some consumers may make an informed decision that investing in crypto is not right for them — that is our rules working as intended.”

Kraken, UK Government, Cryptocurrency Exchange, United Kingdom
Example of disclaimer from the Kraken website. Source: Kraken

Related: ClearToken gets FCA nod for crypto settlement platform amid UK rules push

The UK is slowly opening to crypto

Despite frustrations with the FCA, the UK appears to be moving toward a broader alignment with the United States on digital-asset oversight.

Lisa Cameron, a former United Kingdom Member of Parliament and founder of the UK-US Crypto Alliance, said she believes a joint “sandbox” between the UK and the US is in development to align their crypto markets.

She came to this conclusion after discussion with US Senators and regulators and expects the sandbox’s purpose to be to “iron out some of this in terms of passporting” for crypto licenses between the UK and the US.

On Monday, the Bank of England published a consultation paper proposing a regulatory framework for stablecoins. The new legislation is focused on sterling-denominated “systemic stablecoins” widely used in payments, similar to the US’s GENIUS Act.

Related: British crypto firm KR1 eyes London Stock Exchange as UK warms to industry: FT

UK looks to the US for an example on crypto

A crypto collaboration between the UK and the US is not a new phenomenon. September reports noted that treasury authorities in the US and UK created a transatlantic task force to explore “short-to-medium term collaboration on digital assets.” Also in September, UK Chancellor Rachel Reeves and US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent discussed how the two nations could strengthen their coordination on crypto.

September also saw UK trade groups urge the UK government to include blockchain technology in a technology collaboration with the US program known as “Tech Bridge.” A joint letter by the organization warned that “excluding digital assets from the UK-US Tech Bridge would be a missed opportunity,” and that it “risks leaving Britain on the sidelines.”

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