Even with thousands dead and entire neighbourhoods levelled, the ruling military junta in Myanmar maintains its long-term ban on international journalists entering the country.
It cited a lack of guaranteed safety that could be provided to foreign media to report on the aftermath of the catastrophic earthquake that rocked the southeast Asian nation on Friday.
That may also be because it is still pursuing its campaign against rebel forces amid the destruction.
So open-source information from satellite imagery and social media is a vital tool. The picture is incomplete, but gives some sense of the true scale of damage from the quake.
Image: A building tilts precariously in Mandalay, Myanmar. Pic: Reuters
Mandalay, Myanmar’s second city and just 20km from the epicentre, was hit especially hard. The largest monastery in the city had boasted a clock tower, now completely flattened.
Sky’s Data & Forensics Unit has analysed the destruction based on a combination of videos like these and satellite imagery.
That is not a comprehensive picture of the destruction. For many areas, we don’t yet have satellite imagery available – for example the city of Sagaing. But we have verified videos posted to social media which give some idea of the situation there: buildings toppled, flattened pagodas and even a collapsed bridge.
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Image: A collapsed bridge near the epicenter in Sagaing. Pic: Reuters
The country’s military rulers issued a rare call for help after the disaster. Their allies – Russia, India and China – were some of the first to heed the call.
On Saturday, a Russian plane registered to the Ministry for Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) arrived in Mawlamyine, southern Myanmar, from Moscow.
EMERCOM said it had also flown 120 rescuers and supplies to Yangon, in the south of the country.
In Mandalay, Russian and Chinese emergency workers have collaborated in efforts to rescue civilians trapped under rubble, according to a post on the official Telegram channel for EMERCOM.
China said it sent more than 135 rescue personnel and pledged about $13.8m (£10.7m) in emergency aid. Chinese President Xi Jinping extended his condolences to the military junta leader Min Aung Hlaing.
Other countries have pledged money too including the US, the EU and the UK.
But many are worried if aid will be distributed fairly.
“Throughout history, the military uses denial of aid access as a counter-insurgency tactic,” said Morgan Michaels, research fellow at the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS). “So there is warranted concern that in this current crisis, the military could block aid to affected areas.”
Some 265 groups in Myanmar have signed a statement calling for aid to be directed to civil society, the National Unity Government, and ethnic resistance organisations, rather than the junta.
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Family trapped after earthquake
Khin Ohmar, spokesperson for the signatories to the statement, is concerned about aid not reaching areas like Sagaing, which was at the epicentre of the earthquake.
She told Sky News: “International rescue aid is not reaching people that need to be saved, and the junta keep bombing areas, including Sagaing, where people were most severely impacted.”
With an ongoing civil war and poor infrastructure, Myanmar was already one of the most challenging places in the world for aid organisations to operate.
Some of the heaviest fighting has concentrated in the areas hit hardest by the earthquake, including Sagaing and Mandalay.
Rebel groups in Myanmar that oppose the junta have called for a two-week pause in fighting to help with aid deliveries and rescue efforts, saying they would only take defensive action.
But these calls have not stopped the violence.
“There were about 11 or so airstrikes [on Sunday],” Mr Michaels told Sky News. “One of these airstrikes happened in Nancho, which is in Shahn State.
“We already know that is the site of a major ongoing battle. So that looks more or less like a continuation of fighting with either side using the tools that they’ve been using all along.”
The Data and Forensics team is a multi-skilled unit dedicated to providing transparent journalism from Sky News. We gather, analyse and visualise data to tell data-driven stories. We combine traditional reporting skills with advanced analysis of satellite images, social media and other open-source information. Through multimedia storytelling we aim to better explain the world while also showing how our journalism is done.
French far-right leader Marine Le Pen has said that barring her from running for public office for five years is a “political decision” aimed at preventing her from running in the next presidential election.
The National Rally leader, who left court before the verdict was read out, was found guilty in an embezzlement case.
She was also given a four-year jail sentence, with two years suspended and two which will be served with an electronic tag. She is not expected to serve any jail time.
Le Pen, who also received a €100,000 (£83,635) fine, will make an appeal against her conviction, her lawyer Rodolphe Bosselut later said.
The 56-year-old is a three-time presidential contender who has previously said the next election in 2027 would be her final run for top office.
The ban, which comes into force immediately, ends those hopes unless she successfully appeals before the campaign.
Speaking to French TV channel TF1 in her first reaction to the verdict, Le Pen said millions of French people “are outraged”.
Calling the verdict a violation of the rule of law, she said she would appeal it and asked that court proceedings take place before the 2027 campaign.
Image: Marine Le Pen spoke to French broadcaster TF1 after her embezzlement conviction. Pic: Reuters
“If that’s not a political decision, I don’t know what is,” Le Pen said.
The ruling marked a “fateful day for our democracy”, she added, as she vowed to keep pursuing what she called the now “admittedly narrow” path to the presidency.
“There are millions of French people who believe in me, millions of French people who trust me,” she said, adding: “For 30 years I’ve been fighting for you, and for 30 years I’ve been fighting against injustice, so I’m going to continue fighting.”
Le Pen and 24 other National Rally officials were accused of diverting more than €3m (£2.51m) of European Parliament funds to pay France-based staff working for her party between 2004 and 2016.
The judge also handed down guilty verdicts to eight other current or former members of Le Pen’s party who, like her, previously served as MEPs in the European Parliament.
Another 12 people, who served as parliamentary aides for Le Pen and her party, were also handed guilty verdicts.
Image: Le Pen leaves the court before being driven away. Pic: Reuters
The ruling at a court in Paris described the embezzlement as “a democratic bypass” that deceived the parliament and voters.
Judge Benedicte de Perthuis ruled: “It was established that all these people were actually working for the party, that their (EU) lawmaker had not given them any tasks.
“The investigations also showed that these were not administrative errors… but embezzlement within the framework of a system put in place to reduce the party’s costs.”
Le Pen left the court before the completion of the verdict and sentencing and did not address the media outside before being driven away in a car.
She had denied accusations she was at the head of “a system” meant to siphon off EU funds to benefit her party.
Hearings revealed how some EU money was used to pay for Le Pen’s bodyguard – who was once her father’s bodyguard – as well as for her personal assistant.
The defendants denied any wrongdoing and claimed the money was used legitimately.
The nine-week trial took place at the end of last year.
Le Pen has been seen as one of the leading contenders to succeed President Emmanuel Macron at the end of his second and final term.
She was the runner-up to Mr Macron in the 2017 and 2022 presidential elections.
Reacting to the verdict, National Rally president Jordan Bardella said: “Today it is not only Marine Le Pen who was unjustly condemned: It was French democracy that was killed.”
Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Russia does “not want to interfere in France’s internal affairs” but added: “More and more European capitals are going down the path of trampling over democratic norms.”
Le Pen also serves in France’s National Assembly – but there is no impact on the role by the court’s ineligibility ruling.
However, if parliament was dissolved for elections, she would not be able to stand.
Le Pen’s political decline could be long and painful
Marine Le Pen’s political career lies in tatters.
After decades of plotting her ascent to the very pinnacle of French politics, she has now been pushed down the mountain, and her fall could be long and painful.
Le Pen, who had been the narrow favourite to win the 2027 French presidential election, will now be banned from running as part of a criminal conviction.
She, along with politicians and assistants from her RN party, has been found guilty of embezzlement – of taking millions of euros that were supposed to support work in the European Parliament and, instead, funnelling it to the party’s work elsewhere.
Le Pen will almost certainly appeal, but her ban has already come into effect.
She left the court shortly before her punishment was announced, heading towards her party’s headquarters for a meeting with its president, Jordan Bardella – the man most likely to take her place.
“Today, it is not just Marine Le Pen who is being condemned unjustifiably,” said Mr Bardella. “It is French democracy that is being executed.”
Her downfall will be welcomed by some in France as a sign that politicians are not above the law.
Others, though, have already bemoaned the fact that a court has been given the power to disbar one of the nation’s most popular political leaders.
It hasn’t taken long for the court’s decision to be politicised.
The Kremlin talked about European countries “trampling democratic norms”. Hungarian prime minister Viktor Orban put out a short statement of support saying “Je Suis Marine”.
Assuming that Le Pen does not win her appeal, the favourite to win the 2027 election may now be Edouard Philippe, the former prime minister.
Bardella may benefit from being Le Pen’s anointed successor but he is, at 29, extremely youthful – a full decade younger than anyone who has ever won the presidency.
After decades of plotting her ascent to the very pinnacle of French politics, she has now been pushed down the mountain, and her fall could be long and painful.
The far-right leader, who had been the narrow favourite to win the 2027 Frenchpresidential election, will now be banned from running for public office for five years as part of a criminal conviction.
Le Pen, along with politicians and assistants from her National Rally (RN) party, has been found guilty of embezzlement – of taking millions of euros that were supposed to support work in the European Parliament and instead funnelling it to the party’s work elsewhere.
She will almost certainly appeal, but her ban has already come into effect.
Le Pen left the court in Paris shortly before her punishment was announced, heading towards her party’s headquarters for a meeting with its president, Jordan Bardella – the man most likely to take her place.
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“Today, it is not just Marine Le Pen who is being condemned unjustifiably,” said Bardella. “It is French democracy that is being executed.”
Image: RN president Jordan Bardella reacted to the verdict by saying French democracy was being ‘executed’. File pic: AP
Her downfall will be welcomed by some in France as a sign that politicians are not above the law.
Others, though, have already bemoaned the fact that a court has been given the power to disbar one of the nation’s most popular political leaders.
It hasn’t taken long for the court’s decision to be politicised. The Kremlin talked about European countries “trampling democratic norms”.
Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban put out a short statement of support saying “Je Suis Marine”.
Assuming that Le Pen does not win her appeal, the favourite to win the 2027 election may now be Edouard Philippe, the former prime minister.
Bardella may benefit from being Le Pen’s anointed successor, but at 29, he is extremely youthful – a full decade younger than anyone who has ever won the presidency.