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For Matthew Roed, Social Security is looking a lot less promising than the money he’s stashed away in his BitcoinIRA.

Roed is a registered nurse living in Golden Valley, Minnesota, and he says he’s spent 16,000 hours researching all things bitcoin. His conclusion? Investing in the cryptocurrency is the key to retiring well, and the best way to do it is through a tax-free, self-directed Individual Retirement Account, or IRA.

“Since bitcoin is legally classified as property by the U.S. government and my crypto is inside of an IRA, I knew that I would greatly reduce my taxable expenses due to exponential growth,” said Roed.

At today’s prices, the gamble has so far paid off.

The MBA grad, father, and husband initially invested $30,000 into his BitcoinIRA. Right now, he says that his retirement portfolio is up to $250,000,

While it’s down from its peak of $500,000, Roed still feels vindicated in his conviction that bitcoin is the future.

“No one wanted to listen to me at that time, including my own family,” he said. “I became reclusive and used my frustration to push more and more into getting involved in that market.”

RN Matthew Roed at Courage Kenny Rehabilitation Institute in Golden Valley, Minnesota.
Matthew Roed

BitcoinIRA

BitcoinIRA launched in May of 2016, offering investors the tax-advantage of an IRA, plus the return of a high-risk, high-reward alternative asset class. It’s similar in nature to other IRAs, except that instead of being funded by gold, cash, and bonds, it’s backed by bitcoin.

The company has more than 100,000 individual account holders, including clients as young as 18. But chief operating officer Chris Kline tells CNBC that 75% of account holders are 45 and over. “It’s not a young kids’ game anymore,” he said.

BitcoinIRA isn’t just dealing in bitcoin either. It now includes a long list of cryptocurrencies, including ethereum and litecoin.

Duke University’s Campbell Harvey thinks diversification is the right call.

“To have a portfolio that has exposure…to a single crypto like bitcoin, that doesn’t make any sense, because while bitcoin is the most important one right now, its share of the overall capitalization of cryptos has decreased through time. There are so many other tokens out there,” Harvey said.

When CNBC first profiled BitcoinIRA in 2017, it served $6 million in transactions for 700 account holders. This month, it passed $1.5 billion in all-time transactions.

There were also far fewer players in the crypto retirement space. The market is now flooded with options.

A recent survey of financial advisors shows a significant shift to cryptocurrencies. 14% of the more than 500 financial advisors included in the report said they now use or recommend cryptocurrency to clients, versus fewer than 1% in 2019 and 2020.

IRA custodian Kingdom Trust offers users the option to diversify in 20 different cryptocurrencies. CEO Ryan Radloff tells CNBC that $2 billion of the $17 billion that it holds for clients is now in cryptocurrency. That’s up from $350 million a year ago.

“The amount of people interested in including bitcoin in their retirement savings…is increasing exponentially,” said Radloff. “People don’t want zombie retirement accounts that only allow you to invest in three target-date funds. They want to have more choice in what they do with their hard-earned money, and they want access to hard-assets that will increase in value over a long time horizon.”

IRA vs. Roth IRA vs. 401(k)

Crypto-backed retirement portfolios may rapidly be gaining in popularity, but there are still some major limitations.

For one, while there are multiple ways to invest your savings for retirement – be it an employer-sponsored 401(k) or a Roth IRA – very few of these vehicles actually allow for an alternative asset like gold or crypto.

That’s why the primary retirement vehicle for holding crypto is self-directed IRAs, explains Shehan Chandrasekera, a CPA and head of tax strategy at crypto tax software company CoinTracker.io.

As the name suggests, it’s an account you open with a custodian, you make all investment decisions, and your income is tax sheltered until your retirement. Kingdom Trust and BitcoinIRA both follow this model.

“So far as retirement accounts go, right now, with bitcoin, it’s IRAs, IRAs, IRAs,” explained Onramp Invest chief executive Tyrone Ross. Onramp sells software that helps financial advisers keep track of client cryptocurrency investments.

“Because it’s considered property by the IRS…that is why you’re seeing the self-directed IRA space explode,” continued Ross. “There’s a lot of regulation to get through before you get it into the 401(k) space.”

There are exceptions. A small 401(k) provider called ForUsAll announced last month that it is now allowing participants to allocate up to 5% of their retirement funds into 50 different crypto assets including bitcoin, which will be custodied and managed by Coinbase.

Companies like BitWage and Digital Asset Investment Management are also trying to fold crypto into traditional retirement plans offered by employers.

But Chandrasekera says that “generally speaking, 99% of 401(k) plans don’t offer bitcoin services,” so there is still a ways to go until bitcoin hits mainstream retirement platforms.

Fidelity, for example, tells clients that retail brokerage customers cannot buy or sell any cryptocurrencies at Fidelity, though they can, theoretically, get exposure to the bitcoin trade through crypto-associated companies trading on the public markets. Same goes for Charles Schwab.

Volatility risk versus tax savings

Roed spoke to CNBC after wrapping a 14-hour night shift. Those post-work hours are when the rehabilitation staff nurse invests the most time into researching ways to invest in cryptocurrencies.

Part of why he settled on BitcoinIRA has to do with the company’s staking program. Roed lends third parties his bitcoin and in return, he earns an annual percentage rate, or APR, for the risk. “It’s something like 2% per year,” he said.

This helps to offset the $240 annual account fee, plus the average transaction fees of 1% to sell and 5.5% to buy.

Kline says that clients can earn up to 6% annual percentage yield on cash and cryptocurrency, which helps balance out the fees.

Another major consideration? The volatility of bitcoin.

The world’s most popular cryptocurrency is trading at about half of what it was worth in April.

“We don’t see that volatility in, for example, the stock market,” explained Harvey.

“It’s naive to think that bitcoin is just going to keep on going up. There is going to be some limit, and people need to deeply consider that,” he said.

Beyond the volatility risks, the Securities and Exchange Commission has also warned of the risk of fraud when participating in self-directed IRAs which deal in cryptos.

But Kline remains optimistic. He ran CNBC through a case study of one client who purchased about $1.5 million worth of bitcoin in April of 2020, when the token was trading at around $7,335. At today’s value, his investment is worth well over $6 million.

BitcoinIRA case study

Date Quantity Unit price Total purchased Current unit value Total current value
Apr. 9, 2020 193.295 BTC $7,335 $1,417,859 32,416 6,265,850

But ultimately, Kline says it’s the tax break that makes BitcoinIRA a slam dunk for those looking to deal in cryptos.

If a taxpayer at an average income level were to sell his bitcoin today, he would pay no tax for the crypto held in his BitcoinIRA. If it were in a Coinbase account, this same person would face a 22% short-term capital gains tax or 15% for a long-term holding.

“Pretty clear quantitative reasoning to put an asset like bitcoin in an IRA setting,” said Kline.

CORRECTION: This article has been updated to show that registered nurse Matthew Roed spent 16,000 hours researching cryptocurrencies, not 160,000 hours. Also, it clarifies that 75% of BitcoinIRA account holders are age 45 and over.

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This California startup is cleaning water and removing CO2 from the atmosphere — all at a reduced cost

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This California startup is cleaning water and removing CO2 from the atmosphere — all at a reduced cost

California startup Capture6 repurposes water treatment waste for clean water and carbon dioxide

As more parts of the world face intense drought, new technologies are emerging to clean and reuse existing water. Investors are seeing potential for big profits.

Water treatment is expensive. It uses a lot of energy and produces its own waste that gets disposed of at a hefty price. Capture6, a startup in Berkeley, California, says it’s developing a solution, and one with an added benefit to the environment.

Capture6’s technology repurposes industrial and water treatment waste, generating clean water and capturing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

“That combination of water treatment, brine management, and carbon capture all at once is part of what makes us unique, what makes our process innovative,” said Capture6 CEO Ethan Cohen-Cole, who co-founded the company in 2021. “We are able to do so at reduced energy costs.”

The process is complex. It starts with the waste from any sort of water treatment process. Once the solids are removed, that waste is called brine, which is leftover water plus concentrated salt – sodium chloride. Treatment facilities usually have to pay to get rid of it.

But Capture6 takes that brine, strips out the fresh water and separates the salt into sodium and chlorine. It then turns the sodium into lye.

“That lye has the really neat property that if you expose it to the air, it will bond with CO2 and strip it from the air, and that’s the punch line to the process,” said Cohen-Cole. “We have processed the waste salt, we’ve returned fresh water to our partner, and we’ve captured CO2 from the air.”

It’s a particularly attractive proposition in areas most in need of clean water. Capture6 is working in Western Australia, South Korea, and in drought-stricken California, at the Palmdale Water District north of Los Angeles. The district is still testing the technology, but is already projecting huge cost savings in its brine management.

“It will save us 10% on that capital cost, as well as saving us 20 to 40% in operational costs,” said Scott Rogers, assistant general manager at Palmdale Water District. “We’re recovering anywhere from 94% to 98% water out of water that would just normally be wasted.”

Rogers says it’s early but when more facilities start using the technology, it will create a circular economy that can benefit the environment.

Capture6 has raised $27.5 million from Tetrad Corporation, Hyundai Motors, Energy Capital Ventures, Elemental Impact and Triple Impact Capital. 

Cohen-Cole says the company’s entire process could run on renewable energy, so all of the CO2 that it captures will be net negative, improving the environment. That allows the company to generate added revenue by selling carbon credits.

It’s just one technology in a growing field of carbon capture, removal and sequestration. Others include direct air capture, burying carbon underground or injecting it into the ocean.

The Trump Administration recently canceled $3.7 billion worth of awards for new technology, including carbon capture, to fight climate change. Capture6 has received funding from the U.S. Department of Energy and from state-level sources including California, according to the company. So far, none of that has been canceled.

— CNBC producer Lisa Rizzolo contributed to this piece.

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Amazon’s R&D lab forms new agentic AI group

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Amazon's R&D lab forms new agentic AI group

Amazon CEO Andy Jassy speaks at a company event in New York on Feb. 26, 2025.

Michael Nagle | Bloomberg | Getty Images

Amazon has formed a new group within its consumer product-development arm that is focused on agentic artificial intelligence, the company said Wednesday.

The team will be based in Lab126, the stealthy Silicon Valley-based research and development unit behind the Kindle e-reader, Echo smart speaker and other popular Amazon devices.

A growing number of companies are building AI agents as they look beyond text and image generators. In contrast to AI services such as chatbots, agents are capable of completing multistep, complex actions on a user’s behalf.

The new group will help develop an agentic AI “framework” for use in its robotics operations, an application often referred to as “physical AI.”

These systems enable robots to “hear, understand and act on natural language commands,” Amazon said.

Amazon’s AI lab released a web browser-based agent earlier this year. Its cloud unit has also formed its own agentic AI group. Amazon’s Alexa+, an AI-infused update of its voice assistant released in March, is also expected to have some agentic capabilities.

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Uber adds Palo Alto CEO Nikesh Arora to its board after executive shakeup

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Uber adds Palo Alto CEO Nikesh Arora to its board after executive shakeup

Nikesh Arora, CEO of Palo Alto Networks, appears on CNBC’s “Squawk Box” at the WEF Annual Meeting in Davos, Switzerland on Jan. 16th, 2024.

Adam Galici | CNBC

Nikesh Arora, the CEO of Palo Alto Networks, is joining Uber‘s board of directors, the company announced in a regulatory filing Wednesday.

It comes amid a broader executive shakeup this week at the ride-hailing company, which saw head of delivery Pierre-Dimitri Gore-Coty depart after 13 years. Andrew Macdonald, head of mobility, was promoted to president and chief operating officer, Uber’s first since 2019.

“I’m honored to join Uber’s Board at such an exciting time, as the company plays a central role in commercializing autonomous mobility around the world,” Arora said in a statement. “Uber has already fundamentally transformed how people and goods move through cities, and I look forward to contributing to the company’s continued success.”

Arora has been chairman and CEO of Palo Alto since 2018. Prior to that, he was president and chief operating officer of Softbank and also held positions at Google and T-Mobile. Arora has previously served the boards of Softbank, Sprint, Colgate-Palmolive and others, and currently sits on the board of a Swiss luxury-goods holding company. 

“Nikesh is one of the technology industry’s great executives: a strategic and disciplined operator, and a fierce competitor,” Uber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi said in a statement. “We’re thrilled to welcome him to the board and look forward to his contributions as we continue to advance our long-term strategy.”

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The shakeup comes as Uber faces increased competition, particularly in the robotaxi space.

Tesla is planning its long-awaited robotaxi launch in Austin on June 12. Alphabet-owned Waymo, which partners with Uber in Austin and Atlanta, recently hit 10 million paid driverless rides, with weekly rides jumping 150% in less than a year.

Food delivery competitor DoorDash has been aggressively expanding its reach, acquiring delivery firm Deliveroo and booking platform SevenRooms in the past month. 

The management changes, including the elevation of Macdonald, who will oversee delivery, mobility and autonomy, could allow Khosrowshahi to take on a more strategic role.

Khosrowshahi joined Uber in 2017, bringing it public in 2019 and to its first operating profit in 2021. Since then he has expanded the Eats and delivery business, smoothed over regulatory issues, and sold Uber’s in-house AV unit in favor of partnerships with companies like Waymo and the UK’s Wayve. 

“I recognize the change might prompt some questions about my future, so I’ll be clear: I have no plans to go anywhere anytime soon — other than fly around the globe trying to keep up with our ever-growing footprint,” Khosrowshahi told employees in an internal memo announcing the COO changes. 

For his board service, Arora will receive a $60,000 annual cash retainer and $300,000 of restricted stock units a year, according to the filing.

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