With its passage out of a key committee in the House of Representatives last week, the Clean Electricity Performance Program (CEPP) is a step closer to reality, as part of the powerful budget reconciliation bill (the Build Back Better Act). The bill, and that provision, still have a ways to go to get through Congress, as the House and Senate negotiate a final package. But it’s really important for clean energy to have this and complementary pieces moving — and even more important to get strong versions of them across the finish line.
To understand why, consider how the current design of the CEPP component answers the questions we had recently offered for gauging the robustness of the policy. The good news is that there’s a lot to like in what our elected representatives have laid out so far, and a whole lot to want to defend as its legislative journey continues.
And as for those five questions … the answers are very close, quite possibly, check, TBD, and yes. Here’s how the House language stacks up.
Would the targets be as strong as needed? Very close.
While “as needed” is tricky, since we need much more globally than has been put on the table so far, one useful benchmark might be the current US commitment under the Paris climate accord (50- to 52-percent reductions in heat-trapping emissions below 2005 levels by 2030), and specifically the power sector implications of that (approximately 80-percent clean electricity).
The focus of the CEPP is retail electricity providers — investor-owned utilities, municipal utilities, electric cooperatives, and third-party retail electricity providers in states with competitive power markets. The CEPP that passed out of the House Energy and Commerce Committee (E&C) would reward those providers that increased their clean electricity supply by at least 4 percentage points in a given year (or per year, given some multiyear flexibility written into the plan). And it would collect payments from those that missed that benchmark.
That level of annual growth across the board, coupled with other complementary programs moving through the Build Back Better Act, such as clean energy tax incentives, would get us most of the way to the national target of 80 percent by 2030, according to analysis by the Rhodium Group. And the CEPP as envisioned provides a strong incentive for providers to beat that 4-percent-per-year level of growth to get us the rest of the way, together with all the clean energy pushes from states, utilities, companies, institutions, and households.
Would there be enough funding to power the transition? Quite possibly.
The early stages of the budget reconciliation process had the House and Senate approve the key top line number of $3.5 trillion, plus the allocations to the various committees. That resulted in $150 billion carved out for the CEPP within the portion the E&C is shepherding.
Is that sum enough? The performance grants for providers hitting the 4-point target would be $150 per megawatt-hour (MWh) of increased clean energy above a certain level. And that math — $150/MWh times the number of MWh needed to get to 80-percent clean electricity — works out pretty well, coming in close to the $150 billion.
So the next question is whether the resulting credit (including avoided payments for coming in too low) is enough to motivate providers to make the necessary push — and make the transition as easy and affordable as possible for customers. That level of incentive should make the willingness to invest in new renewables (directly or indirectly) at the pace and scale required all the more powerful.
So grants at that level under the CEPP could be a powerful complement to the extensions of the tax credits also included in the House reconciliation package to drive high levels of clean energy deployment.
Would the funding be used well? Check.
The current House text is explicit about what a provider can do with the performance grants it earns: use it “exclusively for the benefit of the ratepayers.” It then includes examples, such as direct bill assistance, clean energy and efficiency investments, and worker retention.
We agree: The CEPP grants should be used for purposes that directly and solely benefit the public by achieving the transition to clean electricity at a low cost and for maximum gain to consumers. So that’s good, strong language.
And it can be built on. We’ve recommended to lawmakers that they further specify allocation of the resources to ensure that this policy is doing its part to meet the administration’s Justice40 effort aimed at getting at least 40 percent of the benefits from federal investments to flow directly to disadvantaged communities.
Another clause in the E&C bill helpfully addresses the penalty portion for providers that don’t make the threshold in a given period: The legislation would let those payments be recovered only from “shareholders or owners.” That stipulation is particularly important in the case of investor-owned utilities.
Will it drive the cleanest sources? TBD.
As I’ve noted before, there’s low-carbon energy and then there’s really clean energy. Wind and solar would be the overwhelming favorites for providing the bulk of the new electrical capacity fueled by the CEPP. But the House does leave the door open to other options.
The E&C bill doesn’t spell out particular sources for inclusion or exclusion, instead setting a carbon intensity target — the maximum carbon pollution (carbon-dioxide equivalent on a 20-year global warming potential basis) per unit of electricity allowed for a source to qualify.
The good news is the House’s carbon intensity target is potentially quite strong, if it includes the emissions from the fuel supply (“upstream” emissions), although that isn’t clear from the current bill language. If upstream emissions are in there (again TBD), any fossil fuel generation would need a pretty high level of carbon capture and storage to count for the CEPP. A colleague has estimated that, with those upstream emissions included, coal or gas plants would need to capture and store at least 80 to 90 percent of their carbon dioxide emissions.
But the legislation needs to be clearer about those upstream emissions indeed being in the calculations. And the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) also has recommended other changes to make sure this section is as strong as it needs to be:
explicitly excluding particular sources, such as municipal solid waste incineration and conventional natural gas generation;
prorating performance grants for resources that meet the carbon intensity standard but are still above zero; and
putting in place strong guardrails for bioenergy, hydroelectric, carbon capture and storage, and nuclear projects to address other environmental and fuel-cycle impacts.
Would all electric utilities be covered? Yes!
This one is maybe the most straightforward. The E&C language seems quite clear that all retail electricity providers, regardless of type or size, would be covered. That’s good news, because it means that all electricity customers would benefit from the transition to clean energy.
Stronger is better
So a strong performance by the House Energy and Commerce Committee, with a few things to strengthen and a lot worth defending as this piece continues through Congress.
Be assured that UCS will continue to push for the reconciliation package as a whole — and you can, too, by contacting your members of Congress. And we also will continue to weigh in to make sure that the Clean Electricity Performance Program lives up to its full promise and becomes a powerful tool for our clean energy transition.
China’s EV leader wants to close the year strong with a new sales promotion. BYD is now offering free car insurance on certain EVs ahead of the upcoming Chinese New Year. Will it be enough to take the global EV sales crown in 2024?
BYD offers free insurance on some EVs to boost sales
With a record 506,804 NEVs (EV and PHEV models) sold in November, BYD has now had two straight months with over 500,000 in vehicle sales.
The EV giant has no plans to slow down. On Thursday, BYD announced its latest “New Year GO New Car” sales promotion on its Weibo page.
From today, December 26, 2024, through January 26, 2025, BYD is offering free car insurance on select PHEVs and EVs in its Ocean and Dynasy lineups. The promo includes several top-selling EVs, including the Dolphin, Seal, and Sea Lion 07.
Through the first 11 months of 2024, BYD sold nearly 3.76 million NEVs, including 1.56 million all-electric models. The promo comes as BYD is in a tight race with Tesla for the global EV sales crown for 2024.
Through September, Tesla delivered 1.3 million EVs compared to BYD’s 1.17 million. Since Tesla doesn’t report monthly sales numbers, we will have to wait until the end-of-year numbers come out to determine who will take the EV sales crown in 2024.
The Seagull EV, BYD’s cheapest electric car starting under $10,000, was once again China’s best-selling vehicle last month after topping the Tesla Model Y. BYD sold 56,156 Seagull EVs last month alone in China.
Although the global EV sales race between BYD and Tesla is heating up into the end of the year, the Chinese EV leader is quickly outselling some of the largest global automakers.
BYD sold more vehicles globally than Nissan and Honda in the third quarter, and it is now closing in on Ford.
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After starting off slow, China’s EV industry has reorganized itself in record time, going from a global laggard to a global leader in about 5 years – showing other countries how it ought to be done.
In 2020, China was still early in its EV transition, lagging behind many other countries and regions. With EVs only consisting of 5.4% of the country’s car market, it lagged behind California and almost all of Europe – even the slower-adopting countries, like Romania. It was only barely ahead of the 4.6% global average that year.
It set a relatively unambitious goal of 50% EV sales by 2035 – and those 50% didn’t even need to be gasoline-free, they could be hybrids or plug-in hybrids which still have a gas engine inside (what China classifies as “New Energy Vehicles” or NEVs). Around that time, both California and Europe were thinking about banning gas car sales by 2035 – and each of those targets probably could have been earlier, too.
It’s an indication of how much China is able to do when they put their minds to it – and how other countries have completely failed to keep up due to bickering and resistance from companies or governments being hostile to better technology.
The rapid rise in Chinese EVs
2020 was a turning point for the Chinese EV industry. China responded strongly to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (and as a result, had a lower death rate than almost any country, despite life within China being relatively normal after initial lockdowns), which meant a large drop in vehicle sales in the country (much like the rest of the world).
But when sales recovered, China’s eyes had turned inwards. Not only had domestic EV makers started to ramp up production rates and quality (after a decade of smart industrial policy focusing on mineral supply and encouraging domestic manufacturers), but the rest of the world had spent years blaming China for all sorts of ills (like carbon emissions, which China was criticized for not doing enough about, and now is criticized for doing too much). Technology blockades and discussions about tariffs led to consumer nationalism, with Chinese consumers expressing interest in domestic goods more than they had before.
This, coupled with new emissions rules that the rest of the world’s automakers hadn’t prepared properly for (despite having 7 years notice) led to a glut in gas car supply – mostly from foreign brands – which we called the “canary in the coal mine” for where the global ICE car market was going.
Chinese auto dealers could have responded to this by asking the government to reverse the rules, but instead they asked for (and were granted) a six month amnesty in order to clear unsold cars off of their lots, and otherwise demanded that auto manufacturers shape up and build EVs faster.
As a result of this mentality, China became the top global exporter of automobiles this year – a title that Japan had for decades.
Meanwhile, the West drags its feet
It’s a stark difference to how automakers and governments usually behave in the West (and in Japan), working to slow down transitions and add protectionist measures instead of gearing up for an inevitable change in the industry that already started.
And the regressive portions of Western governments are all too happy to oblige, with for example the US republicans promising to hold the US auto industry back even further, ensuring it isn’t ready for the present, and their far-right ilk in European governments arguing for similar measures.
But unfortunately for America, the next occupant of the White House is convicted felon Donald Trump, who finally received more votes than his opponent on his third attempt (despite committing treason in 2021, for which there is a clear legal remedy), with less than half of the country voting to ensure that US manufacturing fall further behind.
Luckily, most Western auto manufacturers may have learned their lessons, and this time they’re finally asking government not to blow up emissions rules. They recently donated money to the famous narcissist, presumably hoping to get in his ear – we’ll have to wait and see whether what they say is actually geared towards the future (and whether the ignoramus they’re saying it to is even able to comprehend it). Though that could all be for naught, because one of Mr. Trump’s closest allies is Elon Musk, CEO of the largest EV maker in the US, who has confusingly focused his advocacy on harming EVs.
Change is coming faster than you think
China’s rapid rise in EV sales, meeting targets well ahead of schedule, may seem anomalous at first blush. It’s not often that a target gets met in one third of the time allotted for it, especially when you’re dealing with a country of 1.5 billion people. That’s a lot of inertia to turn around.
But there are other examples of targets getting met and exceeded early, and companies and governments need to be aware of these and maintain flexibility instead of fighting in the face of positive change.
This is not uncommon with technology adoption curves, as once a technology reaches a critical mass, most consumers consider it the default and will switch to it without much issue. That critical mass has already been met in most Northern European countries and in China, but other places could get there fast.
Once they do, who do you think will come out for the better – the countries and companies whose manufacturing base is ready to supply products that fuel that change, or the ones that have spent decades bickering and trying to slow it down so they can continue spewing poison in all of our lungs?
And as I’ve ended several articles in recent years: we should have been doing more earlier, but as the famous (possibly Chinese) proverb says, “the best time to plant a tree is 20 years ago, the second best time is today.”
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Kia introduced its new Syros SUV last week. Although it was launched with a gas-powered engine,Kia plans to launch the all-electric version soon. The new Kia Syros EV will share underpinnings with the Hyundai Inster EV as its latest low-cost electric model.
What we know about the upcoming Kia Syros EV
India’s EV market is expected to surge over the next few years. In 2024, the India EV market is projected to be valued at around $24 billion. That number is expected to reach nearly $118 billion by 2032.
Kia is looking to take advantage of the transition. After launching its first vehicle (Seltos) in India in 2019, Kia is already one of the top 10 auto manufacturers in the region.
The Korean auto giant has added several models to its lineup, including the Sonet, Carnival, Caren, and electric EV6 and EV9 SUVs.
Just last week, the Kia Syros made its global debut. Kia calls the compact SUV “revolutionary,” but there’s one problem: it only has two gas-powered engine options. That will soon change. According to Autocar India, Kia will launch the Syros EV in India in early 2025.
Although no other details were confirmed, the Kia Syros EV will share its K1 platform with the Hyundai Inster EV. Hyundai’s compact electric crossover has two battery options, 42 kWh and 49 kWh, good for 300 km (186 mi) to 355 km (220 mi) range on the WLTP cycle.
In Europe, the Inster EV starts at around $30,000. In Korea, the electric crossover is known as the Casper Electric, and prices, including incentives, start around $20,000.
Kia’s new electric SUV is expected to start in the price range of Rs 15 lakh-20 lakh (ex-showroom), or around $17,500 to $23,500.
Despite the difference in powertrain, the electric version is expected to have the same styling and features as the gas-powered models. Kia expects between 50,000 and 60,000 in sales between the upcoming electric Carens and Syros EV models by 2026.
The company is launching a series of more affordable, mass-market EVs globally, including the EV3, EV4, and EV5, to secure its spot in the industry as it shifts to electric vehicles.
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