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The Bank of England’s chief economist has contradicted the government by saying there is “undoubtedly a UK-specific component” to the market reaction of the past six days.

Huw Pill has counteracted the government’s claim that the market turmoil which followed last week’s mini-budget is down to broader market factors experienced by other economies, such as supply chain difficulties and the war in Ukraine.

Speaking at the Institute of Directors NI Dinner on Thursday, Mr Pill, a member of the interest rate-setting Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), said: “Over the course of the past week, there has been a significant repricing of financial assets. Part of that re-pricing reflects broader global developments.

“Part of it reflects the ongoing normalisation of macroeconomic policy after the pandemic-induced episode of exceptional ease. But there is undoubtedly a UK-specific component.”

Addressing the Bank’s unprecedented intervention to buy long-dated government bonds, Mr Pill said the measure was taken merely to normalise the market.

He said: “They are not intended to cap or control longer-term interest rates or to offer more favourable underlying financing conditions to the institutions involved – or, for that matter, to the government – than would have prevailed in an orderly market environment.”

That intervention was taken after the Financial Policy Committee (FPC) of the Bank “identified a market segment where orderly re-pricing threatened to descend into market dysfunction”. That segment was the long-end of the gilt market – where government bonds with maturities above 20 years trade, he added.

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The reasons underlying the problems in the market were described as “complex” by Mr Pill.

While he said he was not going to get into the complex problems he said the Bank still have work to do to build resilience in some sectors.

“While much effort has been made to deepen our understanding of and ability to respond to market dislocation since the global financial crisis, the emergence of these problems suggests the Bank and wider central banking community still have some work to do in throwing light on and building resilience in some of the shadow-ier parts of the non-bank financial sector”.

Such considerations are for the future, he added. “Right now, we are dealing with the problems that pose an immediate threat.”

Mr Pill also addressed Brexit in his speech. He said he had “learnt about how Brexit has affected trading relationships on the island of Ireland and across the Irish Sea”.

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The speech was written with “helpful comments” from Bank governor Andrew Bailey.

The focus of Mr Pill’s speech was originally intended to be mostly an exploration of macroeconomic motivations but he said it would be “remiss of me not to address market developments”.

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Tesla’s board members have reportedly started looking for Elon Musk’s successor as CEO

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Tesla's board members have reportedly started looking for Elon Musk's successor as CEO

Tesla’s board members have reportedly started a search for someone to replace Elon Musk as CEO.

Several executive search firms were approached to find a successor around a month ago, the Wall Street Journal reported.

But it added that the current status of the succession planning for the electric car-maker was not known.

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Musk jokes about attacks on Tesla cars

Tesla’s chair, Robyn Denholm, later reacted to the report by insisting that any suggestion of an active search was “absolutely false”.

She added that the board was highly confident in Musk’s ability to continue “executing on the exciting growth plan ahead”.

Musk’s net worth has plunged and Tesla stocks have fallen sharply amid a public backlash over his role in Donald Trump’s government. He owns just under 13% of Tesla stock and is the largest shareholder.

The world’s richest man has been leading the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), where he has overseen the firing of tens of thousands of government employees.

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He has also supported far-right parties in Europe, which has led to protests against Musk and Tesla, which have seen its showrooms and charging stations vandalised across the US and Europe.

President Trump has labelled the vandals “terrorists”.

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Musk pulls back from DOGE role

It comes after Musk said the time he spends with DOGE would “drop significantly” from May and he will dedicate more time to running his companies, such as Tesla, SpaceX and X.

The board members met with Musk and asked him to announce publicly he would spend more time at Tesla, the report said.

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It was unclear if Musk, who is a member of the board, was aware of any attempts to identify a successor, or if his pledge to spend more time at Tesla had affected succession planning, it added.

On Wednesday, Mr Trump said Musk could be part of his administration for as long as he wants.

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“You’re invited to stay as long as you want,” Mr Trump said.

He said Musk had been “treated unfairly” for his role in helping Mr Trump slash the size of the federal government, adding: “You really have sacrificed a lot.”

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‘De minimis’: The rarely-examined trade clause about to become a very big deal

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'De minimis': The rarely-examined trade clause about to become a very big deal

The thing about trade, and the economics of trade, is that it is simultaneously desperately boring and desperately important.

For example, consider a little bit of legal small print no one spent all that much time thinking about until recently – a clause in most countries’ customs arrangements known as “de minimis”.

The idea behind de minimis is quite simple.

Collecting customs can be an expensive business. You need to employ lots of people to check goods, police the system and collect the relevant customs and tariffs.

In theory, you could fund that via the customs you’re charging people to import goods into the country.

But what if the items you’re imposing tariffs and charges on are so cheap that it makes no economic sense to actually impose those charges?

Consider a £5 t-shirt of the kind you might order from an online retailer such as Shein. In theory, that garment should face a 20% tariff when it arrives from China into the UK.

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But since 20% of a small number is an even smaller number, most customs authorities, including those in the UK, have taken the stance of essentially excluding any cheap imports from paying customs. This is the ‘de minimis’ rule.

There are similar rules in most countries, with the main difference being the threshold at which they kick in. Here in Britain, de minimis applies to anything worth less than £135. In the US the threshold at which you start paying customs charges is higher: $800.

Chart showing each country's de minimis level

Now, there’s a long and detailed set of discussions that have bored on for decades about the pros and cons of this scheme. The historic arguments against collecting those fees were that a) doing so probably cost more money than it would raise, b) scanning and checking every import would jam up ports and airports unnecessarily and c) it might have a bearing on the wider economy as it throws further sand in the wheels of commerce.

But in recent years, a host of mostly Chinese retailers have exploited the de minimis rule to ship (actually, mostly to fly) cheap products to the US, UK, Europe and beyond.

The most visible of these companies are Shein and Temu. By directly flying consignments of very cheap clothes and consumer goods to airports in the west, they have been able to undercut other companies without having to pay customs fees.

Number of de minimis packages imported in to the US since 2018

All of which is why, alongside the host of other tariffs imposed in recent weeks, Donald Trump is also doing something else – eliminating America’s de minimis rules altogether. At least, that’s the plan.

Having pledged to do so in February, the administration rapidly reversed the decision after consignments began to pile up at US airports.

However, the impending rule, which is due to kick in this Friday, sounds like it might be more concrete than the last one. And, if it’s actually imposed, tariffs of 145% will be imposed on goods that, once upon a time, didn’t face any tariffs at all. Which is a very big deal indeed.

chart showing the app store ranking for Chinese ecommerce brands

Already, prices on websites including Shein have begun to increase. Consumers have begun to abandon the sites’ apps. And consignments of goods bound for the US from China have begun to slow.

The real question is what happens next.

Chart on how Shein prices have changed

Does the White House U-turn again? Or does it stand firm? Even as American consumers see the cost of their hitherto cheap goods rise, and potentially even face empty supermarket shelves, the notion of which was summoned up by a delegation of retail chiefs who met with the president last week.

The short answer, as with so much about the current US administration is: no one really knows, and if they say they do, don’t believe them.

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Stamp duty changes knock house prices, lender says

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Stamp duty changes knock house prices, lender says

Lower stamp duty thresholds introduced at the start of the month are being widely blamed for the biggest monthly decline in UK house price growth since August 2023, according to a major lender’s measure.

Nationwide’s latest report on the housing market showed a 0.6% decline in April, taking the rolling annual rate of growth down to 3.4% from the 3.9% determined in March.

The bigger than expected decline has been widely explained by a slowdown in activity prompted by the stamp duty changes, which affected buyers in England and Northern Ireland at the beginning of the month.

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They had the greatest effect in England, where the changes included first-time buyers paying stamp duty on property costing £300,000 – up from £450,000 – while the surcharge for second homes also increased, by two percentage points, to 5%.

There was a rush to complete sales in March ahead of the deadline, which is also likely to have influenced prices.

But Nationwide said that April marked the first decline, in its measure, since August last year.

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The lender’s chief economist, Robert Gardner, said: “The softening in house price growth was to be expected, given the changes to stamp duty at the start of the month. Early indications suggest there was a significant jump in transactions in March, with buyers bringing forward their purchases to avoid additional tax obligations.

“The market is likely to remain a little soft in the coming months, following the pattern typically observed following the end of stamp duty holidays. Nevertheless, activity is likely to pick up steadily as summer progresses, despite wider economic uncertainties in the global economy, since underlying conditions for potential home buyers in the UK remain supportive.”

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He pointed to the pace of wage growth continuing to outstrip inflation, coupled with low unemployment and retreating mortgage rates.

Rising expectations for a Bank of England interest rate cut next week, with a growing potential for more in the months ahead, are also forecast to bolster activity.

Prices have historically been supported by weak availability but estate agents have reported growth in seller listings as spring has got under way.

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