The UK’s economic slowdown gathered further momentum during the third quarter of the year with growth of just 0.1%, according to an early official estimate that makes horrific reading for the chancellor.

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) reported a surprise contraction for economic output during September of -0.1% – with some of the downwards pressure being applied by the cyber attack disruption to production at Jaguar Land Rover.

The figures for July-September followed on the back of a 0.3% growth performance over the previous three months and the 0.7% expansion achieved between January and March.

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The encouraging start to 2025 was soon followed by the worst of Donald Trump’s trade war salvoes and the implementation of budget measures that placed employers on the hook for £25bn of extra taxes.

Economists have blamed those factors since for pushing up inflation and harming investment and employment.

ONS director of economic statistics, Liz McKeown, said: “Growth slowed further in the third quarter of the year with both services and construction weaker than in the previous period. There was also a further contraction in production.

“Across the quarter as a whole manufacturing drove the weakness in production. There was a particularly marked fall in car production in September, reflecting the impact of a cyber incident, as well as a decline in the often-erratic pharmaceutical industry.

“Services were the main contributor to growth in the latest quarter, with business rental and leasing, live events and retail performing well, partially offset by falls in R&D [research and development] and hair and beauty salons.”

The weaker than expected figures will add fuel to expectations that the Bank of England can cut interest rates at its December meeting after November’s hold.

The vast majority of financial market participants now expect a reduction to 3.75% from 4% on 18 December.

Data earlier this week showed the UK’s unemployment rate at 5% – up from 4.1% when Labour came to power with a number one priority of growing the economy.

Since then, the government’s handling of the economy has centred on its stewardship of the public finances.

The chancellor was accused by business groups of harming private sector investment and employment through hikes to minimum wage levels and employer national insurance contributions.

The Bank has backed the assertion that hiring and staff retention has been hit as a result of those extra costs.

There is also evidence that rising employment costs have been passed on to consumers and contributed to the UK’s stubbornly high rate of inflation – a figure that is now expected to ease considerably in the coming months.

Rachel Reeves has blamed other factors – such as Brexit and the US trade war – for weighing on the economy and leaving her facing a similar black hole to the one she says she inherited from the Conservatives.

Her second budget is due on 26 November.

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She said of the latest economic data: “We had the fastest-growing economy in the G7 in the first half of the year, but there’s more to do to build an economy that works for working people.

“At my budget later this month, I will take the fair decisions to build a strong economy that helps us to continue to cut waiting lists, cut the national debt and cut the cost of living.”

Shadow chancellor Sir Mel Stride responded: “Today’s ONS figures show the economy shrank in the latest month, under a Prime Minister and Chancellor who are in office but not in power.”

The British Medical Association (BMA) has defended a new round of resident doctor walkouts starting on Friday, insisting medics’ pay is still “way down” compared with 2008 and that the government has failed to finish “a journey” towards restoring it.

BMA chair Dr Tom Dolphin told Sky News the dispute remains rooted in years of pay erosion that have left resident doctors far behind other public sector workers.

“When we started the dispute, […] the lowest level of the resident doctors were being paid £14 an hour,” he said.

“There were some pay rises over the last couple of years that brought that partly back to the value it should be at, but not all the way.

“The secretary of state (Wes Streeting) himself called it a journey, implying there were further steps to come, but we haven’t seen that.”

When asked if the row ultimately “comes down to money”, he replied: “In the sense that the secretary of state doesn’t want to or isn’t able to fund the pay increases to match the value that we had in 2008.”

Dr Dolphin argued that while “the general worker in the economy as a whole” has seen pay catch up since the 2008 financial crash, “doctors are still way down”.

The government points out that its 29% settlement last year was one of the largest in the public sector and was intended to draw a line under two years of walkouts.

But Dr Dolphin said the deal still fell short: “The gap was biggest for doctors and needed the biggest amount of restoration, and that’s what we got.”

He defended the BMA’s use of the Retail Price Index (RPI), a metric rejected by the Office for National Statistics, saying it “better reflects the costs people face”.

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‘Who do you think is treating the patients?’

With Chancellor Rachel Reeves preparing her budget amid warnings of deep cuts, Dr Dolphin said the BMA is not demanding an immediate cash injection.

“We’re quite happy for that money to be deferred with some kind of multi-year pay deal so that we can end the dispute and avoid having further industrial action about pay for several years to come,” he said.

“Money spent in the NHS is returned to the economy. For every pound you spend, you get several pounds back.”

When pressed on whether the £1.7bn cost of previous strike action could have been better spent on treatment and technology for NHS cancer patients, he hit back: “Who do you think is treating the cancer patients? It’s the doctors.”

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Dr Dolphin rejected suggestions that the dispute could destabilise the government, calling the idea “implausible”.

He admitted prolonged strikes have tested public patience, but said the government had left doctors with no choice.

“A prolonged industrial dispute makes people annoyed with both sides,” he said. “It is vexing to us that we are still in this dispute.”

“I don’t want patients to suffer,” he added. “I accept that the strikes cause disruption… of course that’s upsetting for them. I completely get that. And I’m sorry that it’s happening.”

Wylfa, on Anglesey, also known as Ynys Mon, has been chosen as the site for the UK’s first small modular reactor nuclear power station, the UK government has confirmed.

Officials estimate the site in north Wales will support hundreds of full-time jobs, as well as 3,000 jobs in the local economy at the height of construction.

Work on the site is due to commence in 2026 with an initial programme involving three reactors. The location has the capacity to accommodate as many as eight small modular power stations in the longer term.

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Sky News understands ministers weighed up Oldbury in Gloucestershire as a possible site before ultimately deciding on Anglesey.

The project will be run by the publicly owned company Great British Energy-Nuclear and is supported by a UK government investment of £2.5bn.

Rolls-Royce SMR is set to design the UK’s first small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs), pending final contracts, which are expected to be signed later this year.

Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer said: “Britain was once a world-leader in nuclear power, but years of neglect and inertia has meant places like Anglesey have been let down and left behind.”

He added: “We’re using all the tools in our armoury – cutting red tape, changing planning laws, and backing growth – to deliver the country’s first SMR in North Wales.”

The site is projected to supply electricity for three million homes – more than twice the number of homes in Wales. It is hoped the Wylfa reactors will start supplying power to the grid from the mid-2030s.

Eluned Morgan, the first minister of Wales, said: “This is the moment Ynys Mon and the whole of Wales has been waiting for.”

She added: “New nuclear is a step into the future, with secure jobs and secure energy guaranteed for the next generation. We have been pressing the case at every opportunity for Wylfa’s incredible benefits as a site, and I warmly welcome this major decision to invest in northwest Wales. Wales is once again leading the way.”

Small modular reactors are compact nuclear power stations, built as prefabricated units for on‑site installation, with the aim of being constructed more quickly than sites like Hinkley Point C.

Nuclear power is not new to the Welsh island. A station was first constructed in the 1960s and began generating electricity in 1971. The two reactors operated for decades before being shut down. Reactor 2 was decommissioned in 2012, followed by Reactor 1 in 2015.

Efforts to revive nuclear generation at the site have also been made before. In 2021, proposals to build a new plant were abandoned under the previous UK government.

Rhun ap Iorwerth, Plaid Cymru leader and MS for Ynys Mon, welcomed the investment, but aired caution over previous false hope.

He said: “Today’s announcement is significant for people on Ynys Mon and across Wales. It reflects years of hard work by both the Plaid Cymru-led Anglesey County Council and Llinos Medi – both as the current MP and former council leader.

“Since I was elected over 12 years ago, the future of the Wylfa site has remained a live issue on Ynys Mon. Whilst we’ve learnt from past experience that we need assurances now that this plan will actually be delivered, there’s no doubt that there’s a real opportunity here that we have to take advantage of.”

He added that his priority is “to ensure that the voices and interests of communities on Ynys Mon are represented at every step”, and that he has “always taken the view that we must make the most of the economic growth and job opportunities for young people that come with a new development at Wylfa”, while mitigating “the challenges” that such projects bring.

“The Welsh government also has a crucial role to play in these discussions. I want to make sure that Welsh government has real input, with Welsh interests placed at the heart of the development,” he concluded.