Share on Pinterest The Western diet, which is high in ultra-processed foods, is a major cause of chronic inflammation. Kseniya Ovchinnikova/Getty ImagesA new study found higher levels of inflammation in colorectal cancer tumors, suppressing the bodys ability to fight the disease.Researchers note the typical Western diet is a driver of inflammation, while other studies have linked ultra-processed foods to inflammation.Experts recommend limiting or avoiding ultra-processed foods to reduce cancer risk, opting for healthier choices including whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
A new analysis of colorectal cancer tumors shows they have higher levels of inflammation and lack a natural ability to resolve the inflammation.
The study, published December 10 in the journal Gut, examined 162 tumor samples from people with colorectal cancer. The findings indicate the lipid profile of colorectal cancer tumors exhibit a distinct pro-inflammatory bias.
The researchers suggest employing resolution medicine as a treatment for colorectal cancer to reverse inflammation and restore the bodys healing mechanisms. They also note the typical Western diet has been strongly linked to chronic inflammation and the development and progression of colorectal cancer.
Geoffrey Buckle, MD, a gastrointestinal oncologist at UCSF Health in San Francisco, noted the findings have the potential to expand the knowledge of cancer and inflammation. Buckle wasnt involved in the study.
This is a fascinating study that looks at inflammatory changes in colorectal cancer and begins to paint a picture of how inflammation may arise in and around tumors, Buckle said.
Interestingly, it also explores the ways in which inflammation could be a target for future cancer treatment. This work is both interesting and very important. We have long suspected a link between inflammation and cancer, but little is known about the mechanistic underpinnings of this link. This study adds to a growing body of literature suggesting inflammation may play an important role in cancer development, he told Healthline. Do ultra-processed foods raise colon cancer risk?
In the United States, ultra-processed foods comprise more than 50% of daily caloric intake by adults. Ultra-processed foods are also a driver of inflammation.
Many things can increase the risk of inflammation in the body and since inflammation is the basis of many diseases, including cancer, finding anti-inflammatory approaches to offset inflammatory levels (such as limiting ultra-processed foods) and replacing them with foods that reduce inflammation make sense in light of the studys findings, Kristin Kirkpatrick, a dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic Department of Wellness & Preventive Medicine in Ohio, told Healthline. Kirkpatrick wasnt involved in the new study.
Wael Harb, MD, a hematologist and medical oncologist at MemorialCare Cancer Institute at Orange Coast and Saddleback Medical Centers in California, not involved in the study, explained that ultra-processed foods not only lead to chronic inflammation but also immune suppression, creating an environment conducive to cancer development and progression.
The study published in Gut provides compelling evidence linking ultra-processed foods (UPFs) to an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and a diminished capacity for the body to combat the disease, Harb told Healthline. How diet affects cancer risk
For years, health experts have said the traditional Western diet followed by many people in the U.S. can raise a persons risk of a number of cancers.
Theyve also noted that diet is important for a person before, during, and after treatment for colorectal cancer.
Ultra-processed foods, including sweetened breakfast cereals, candy, white bread, and chips, have been linked to an increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. These foods are also linked to an increased risk of obesity as well as cognitive decline.
Diet is a significant factor and I will add that diet is also a modifiable risk (which differs from age, genetics, etc.), Kirkpatrick said.
What we see from the data is that the risk for colorectal cancer related to your dietary pattern is not just what you consume regularly but also about what you limit. For example, high-fiber, high nutrient dense foods can help reduce risk, while processed red meat can increase risk. Regular physical activity, not smoking, and limiting alcohol intake are also modifiable factors, she explained.
Anton Bilchik, MD, a surgical oncologist as well as chief of medicine and the director of the Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Program at Providence Saint Johns Cancer Institute in California, agrees there are other important elements in addition to diet. Bilchik wasnt involved in the study.
There are several risk factors in the development of colorectal cancer. These include diet, obesity, family history and physical inactivity. All are important factors but there are likely many other risk factors that are yet to be defined, Bilchik told Healthline.
Harb is also in agreement. While diet is a significant modifiable risk factor for CRC, other factors such as genetic predisposition, family history, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and obesity also play crucial roles, he said. A comprehensive approach to CRC prevention should address all these elements.
Harb added its also important to follow a healthy diet while undergoing cancer treatment.
Maintaining a healthy diet during CRC treatment is vital, he said. Proper nutrition supports the immune system, enhances tolerance to treatment, and improves overall well-being. Patients should focus on easily digestible foods, such as lean proteins, certain vegetables, and low-fat dairy, while ensuring adequate hydration.
It is essential to maintain a healthy balanced diet during treatment because the immune system depends on nutrients to either eliminate cancer cells or prevent them from returning, Bilchik added.
Buckle listed some cautions when it comes to diet during cancer treatment.
We certainly encourage patients to try to eat healthy while they are being treated for colorectal cancer, but I also caution patients that adopting dietary changes when undergoing active cancer treatment can be challenging and likely has a small benefit at best, he said.
There have been a number of studies looking at specific diets during cancer treatment such as ketogenic diet, Mediterranean diet, intermittent fasting, among others, and while studies have showed promising signals of benefit, further research is needed before ready for primetime or adopting as standard of care. While I do recommend patients try to eat healthy, I also remind patients that its OK to rely on comfort foods during treatment, particularly when dealing with some of the adverse effects of chemotherapy (e.g., loss of appetite, nausea, taste changes), Buckle noted. The best foods to lower cancer risk
To reduce cancer risk, Kirkpatrick recommended foods higher in fiber such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables as well as foods in the allium family such as onions, garlic, and leeks.
Harb suggested getting adequate fiber and antioxidants daily. To lower CRC risk, I recommend a diet rich in unprocessed foods, including vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and lean proteins like fish and poultry, he said.
These foods are high in fiber and antioxidants, which promote healthy digestion and support the gut microbiome, potentially offering protective effects against CRC. Limiting the intake of red and processed meats, as well as sugary and ultra-processed foods, is also advisable, Harb added.
Fruits, vegetables, foods rich in omega 3 fatty acids such as salmon as well as foods with a high fiber content are all important to reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer, Bilchik noted.
We generally recommend that individuals drink alcohol in moderation, avoid tobacco use, and limit dietary intake of red and processed meat (e.g., sausages, bacon, ham, beef jerky, and other forms of meat that are smoked, salted fermented, or cured), Buckle said.
We recommend adequate dietary fiber and calcium intake. We also recommend a diet with regular fruit and vegetable intake. What to know about colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the U.S.
The American Cancer Society (ACS) notes that the diagnosis rate and the death rate for colorectal cancer has been decreasing in the United States since the 1980s.
The ACS attributes the decline to increased screening and adjustments in lifestyle factors. However, they add that most of the decrease has occurred in older adults while the rates among younger adults have been rising.
Earlier this year, it was reported that early onset colorectal cancer in adults under the age of 50 has increased from less than 5 cases per 100,000 people in 1994 to 10 cases per 100,000 people in 2021.
The American College of Physicians now recommends people start getting screened for colorectal cancer at age 50. Takeaway
Researchers say chronic inflammation raises the risk of colorectal cancer as well as suppresses the bodys ability to fight the disease.
The Western diet, which is laden with ultra-processed foods, is a major cause of chronic inflammation.
Experts recommend limiting ultra-processed foods and consuming natural and healthier foods such as whole grains, vegetables, and fruits.
ESPN baseball reporter. Covered the L.A. Rams for ESPN from 2016 to 2018 and the L.A. Angels for MLB.com from 2012 to 2016.
Less than two years ago, the Texas Rangers rode a potent offense to the first World Series championship in franchise history. Since then — on paper, at least — that group has only improved. Established sluggers were brought in. Young, promising players accrued more seasoning. Core stars remained in their primes. And yet, over the course of 10 baseball months since hoisting the trophy on Nov. 1, 2023, the Rangers have fielded one of the sport’s worst offenses, a sobering reality that continues to vex team officials.
The circumstances of 2025 have only intensified the frustration.
The Rangers have received Cy Young-caliber production from a rejuvenated Jacob deGrom, who had compiled fewer than 200 innings over the last four years. Their rotation went into the All-Star break with the second-lowest ERA in the major leagues. Their bullpen, practically rebuilt over one offseason, ranked third. Their defense (16 outs above average) was elite, as was their baserunning (10.8 runs above average). But the Rangers, despite back-to-back wins over the first-place Detroit Tigers this weekend, find themselves only a game over .500, seven games out of first place and 2 1/2 games out of a playoff spot, because they can’t do the one thing they were expected to do best: hit.
Bret Boone, the former All-Star second baseman who was installed as the team’s hitting coach in early May, has been tasked with fixing that — but he is also realistic.
“I’m not gonna come in here and ‘abracadabra,'” he said, waving his right arm as if wielding a magic wand. “That’s the big misnomer about hitting. Hitting is really hard. The bottom line is — you can prepare as much as you want, but when you get in the box, it’s just you and that pitcher.”
Boone isn’t here for an overhaul. He’s here to encourage. To simplify. One of his prevailing messages to players, he said, has been to “watch the game” — to put away the tablet, come up to the dugout railing and see how opposing pitchers are attacking other hitters. Boone has emphasized the importance of approaching each game with a plan, whatever that might be. He has occasionally blocked off the indoor batting cage, worried that hitters of this generation swing too often. And he has encouraged conversation.
“That’s what great offenses do,” Boone said. “They’re constantly interacting.”
There might not be a more interesting team to watch ahead of the trade deadline. Rangers president of baseball operations Chris Young is not one to give up on a season, particularly with a team this talented. But one more rough patch might force him to, at least to an extent. Young would prefer to add, but it’s hard to envision a way to improve the lineup from outside.
Any offensive improvement will probably come internally, signs of which emerged recently. The Rangers got Carter back from the bereavement list on July 4 and Langford back from the IL on July 5, making their lineup as close to whole as it has been all year. Over the ensuing week, they scored 53 runs in seven games heading into the All-Star break. Maybe it was a sign of things to come. Or, if recent history is any indication, a short burst of false promise.
Below is a look at five numbers that define the Rangers’ surprising offensive downturn.
1. Semien and Seager’s combined OPS on June 22: .671
The Rangers’ rise began in late November 2021, just before the sport shut down in the leadup to an ugly labor fight, when Semien and Seager secured contracts totaling $500 million. Their deals came within days of each other, ensuring they’d share a middle infield for years to come. And when the Rangers won it all in 2023, it was Semien and Seager hitting back-to-back at the top of the lineup, setting the tone for an offense that overwhelmed teams in October.
Some things haven’t changed: Semien and Seager are still the driving forces of this offense. For most of this year, though, that hasn’t been a positive thing.
As late as June 22, with the Rangers 78 games into their season, Semien and Seager had combined for a .229/.312/.359 slash line. Their combined OPS, .671, sat 44 points below the league average.
Semien, traditionally a slow starter, finished the month of May with the second-lowest slugging percentage among qualified hitters and at times batted ninth. Seager made two separate trips to the IL because of the same right hamstring strain and eventually fell out of whack, batting .188 in June. If the Rangers are looking for good news, though, it’s that Semien and Seager finally got going in the leadup to the All-Star break. From June 23 to July 13 — with Seager and Semien settling into the No. 2 and No. 3 spots, respectively — they slashed .313/.418/.592.
“We all want to be on at the same time,” Semien said. “It’ll never happen like that, but if Corey and I are on, this team goes.”
2. Texas’ slash line against fastballs: .236/.312/.372
One of the Rangers’ coaches recently recalled some of the most iconic homers from the team’s championship run — García’s grand slam in the American League Championship Series, and Seager’s blasts against Houston’s Cristian Javier and Arizona’s Paul Sewald.
They all had one thing in common: turning on high fastballs and pulverizing them.
The Rangers were one of the best fastball-hitting teams in 2023. That has been far from the case since. The Rangers slashed just .233/.315/.379 against four-seam fastballs in 2024, worse than every team except the Chicago White Sox, who lost a record 121 games. This year, it isn’t much better.
The Rangers’ slash line against four-seamers was only .236/.312/.372 heading into the All-Star break, good for a .684 OPS that ranked 27th in the majors. Burger (.473 OPS), Heim (.500), Pederson (.620) and García (.660) were especially vulnerable. Against four-seamers that were elevated, no team had a higher swing-and-miss percentage than Texas (55.5%).
Being in position to hit the fastball has been one of the points of emphasis from the hitting coaches in recent weeks. It doesn’t mean every hitter will look fastball first — approaches are individualistic and often alter based on matchups — but it does underscore the importance of narrowing the focus. Opposing pitchers are too good these days. Hitters can’t account for everything. And the best offenses are able to take something away from an opposing pitching staff. The 2023 team took away the fastball as an attack weapon. But the Rangers, in the words of one staffer, have been “stuck in between” ever since — late on velocity and off balance against spin.
It’s a tough way to live.
3. Rangers’ chase rate with RISP: 32.2%
When asked about the biggest difference between the 2023 offense and the 2025 version, Rangers manager Bruce Bochy mentioned the approach in run-scoring opportunities. The team from two years ago, he said, was much better at situational hitting with runners in scoring position. This team seems to chase too much in those situations.
The numbers bear that out.
The Rangers’ chase percentage with runners in scoring position was 32.2% coming out of the All-Star break, fourth worst in the major leagues. Their strikeout percentage, 23.7%, was fifth worst. Their slash line, .230/.304/.357, was down there with some of the worst teams in the sport. The Rangers’ lineup has some strikeout in it — with Burger, Jung and García at the top of that list — but team officials believe it should be much better adept at driving in runs.
Not being able to has led to some dramatic highs and lows. The Rangers have scored eight or more runs 13 times, including two instances over a 72-hour stretch in which they hung 16 runs on the Minnesota Twins. But there have also been 25 games in which they have been held to one or zero runs, third most in the major leagues.
4. Carter’s and Jung’s wOBA ranks since 2023: 205th and 264th
Entering the second half, 380 players had accumulated at least 300 plate appearances since the start of the 2024 season. Among them, Carter ranked 205th with a .308 weighted on-base average. Jung, with a .295 wOBA, ranked 264th.
Jung looked like a budding star at third base in 2023, making the All-Star team and finishing fourth in AL Rookie of the Year voting. Carter came up in September and surged throughout October. With those two and Langford, Texas’ draft pick at No. 4 earlier that summer, the Rangers had three young, controllable players they could surround with their long list of established stars. It seemed unfair, yet it hasn’t come close to panning out.
Carter struggled through the first two months of 2024, was diagnosed with a stress reaction in his back, couldn’t fully ramp back up, got shut down for good in August, didn’t look right the following spring training and started the 2025 season in Triple-A. Carter appeared in just 45 games in 2024. Jung played in only one more, after a wrist fracture held him out for most of the first four months.
Then came a stretch of 101 plate appearances this June during which Jung notched just 15 hits, 5 walks and 27 strikeouts. Eight of those strikeouts came over his last four games, when his chase rate jumped to 45.9% — 12 percentage points above his career average. A Rangers source described him as “defeated” and “lost.”
On the second day of July, Jung was optioned to Triple-A Round Rock.
5. Rangers’ wRC+ since 2023: 94
There might not be a better representation of the Rangers’ drop-off than weighted runs created plus, which attempts to quantify total offensive value by gathering every relevant statistic, assigning each its proper weight and synthesizing it all into one convenient, park- and league-adjusted metric. The league average is 100, with every tick above or below representing a percentage point better or worse than the rest of the sport at that time.
During the 2023 regular season, the Rangers put together 117 wRC+. In other words, their offense was 17% above league average. Only one team — the Atlanta Braves, another currently underperforming club — was better. From the start of the 2024 season to the start of the 2025 All-Star break, the Rangers compiled a 94 wRC+, putting them 6% below the league average. Only eight teams were worse.
Five every-day players from that 2023 team are still on the Rangers — not counting Carter, who didn’t come up until September — and all of them have seen their OPS drop by more than 100 points. Seager? 1.013 OPS in 2023, .856 OPS since. García? .836 in 2023, .681 since. Heim? .755 in 2023, .605 since. Semien? .826 in 2023, .693 since. Jung? .781 in 2023, .676 since.
For Young, it’s not just the individual performances but how they coalesce.
“What we had was just a really balanced approach and a collective mindset in terms of the way we were attacking the opposing pitcher,” Young, in his fifth season as the head of baseball operations, said of the 2023 offense. “We had other guys who could grind out at-bats. We had guys who could hit for average. We had guys who slugged. And I still think we have that in our lineup. It’s just, for whatever reason, a number of them have had bad years to start the season. When you have a couple guys having down years, you can survive. When you have a majority of them having down years, it’s magnified. And then guys start pressing and putting pressure on themselves, and it makes it even harder.”
Electric bikes are a menace. They go almost as fast as a car (if the car is parking), they’re whisper quiet (which makes them impossible to hear over the podcast playing in your headphones), and worst of all, they’re increasingly ridden by teenagers.
By now, we’ve all seen the headlines. Cities are cracking down. Lawmakers are holding emergency hearings. Parents are demanding bans. “Something must be done,” they cry at local city council meetings before driving back home in 5,000 lb SUVs.
And it’s true – some e-bike riders don’t follow the rules. Some ride too fast. Some are inexperienced. These are real problems that deserve real solutions. But if you think electric bikes are the biggest threat on our roads, just wait until you hear about the slightly more common, slightly more deadly vehicle we’ve been quietly tolerating for the last hundred years.
They’re called cars. And unlike e-bikes, they actually kill people. A lot of people. Over 40,000 people die in car crashes in the US every year. Thousands more are permanently injured. Entire neighborhoods are carved up by high-speed traffic. Kids can’t walk to school safely. But don’t worry – someone saw a teenager run a stop sign on an e-bike, so the real crisis must be those darn batteries on two wheels.
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It’s amazing how worked up people get over a few dozen e-bike crashes when many of us step over a sidewalk memorial for a car crash victim on the way to the grocery store. We’ve been so thoroughly conditioned to accept car violence as part of modern life that the idea of regulating them sounds unthinkable. But regulating e-bikes? Now that’s urgent.
To be clear, this isn’t about ignoring the risks that come with new technology. E-bikes are faster than regular bikes. They’re heavier, too. And they require education and enforcement like any other mode of transport capable of injuring someone, be it the rider or a pedestrian bystander. But the scale of the problem is what matters – and the scale here is completely lopsided. Let’s take New York City, for example. It’s got more e-bike usage than anywhere else in the US, and there are still only an average of two pedestrians per year killed by an e-bike accident. That number for cars? Around 100 per year in NYC. It’s not complicated math – cars are 50x more lethal in the city.
And yet, the person on the e-bike is the one getting the stink eye.
We’ve become so numb to the everyday destruction caused by automobiles that it barely registers anymore. Drunk driving? Distracted driving? Speeding through neighborhoods? It’s just background noise. But the moment someone on an e-bike blows through a stop sign at 16 mph, it’s front-page news and a city council emergency.
Here’s an idea: If we want safer streets, how about we start by addressing the machines that weigh two and a half tons and can hit 100 mph, not the ones that top out at 20 or 28 and are powered by a one-horsepower motor the size of an orange.
But we don’t. Because cars are familiar. Cars are “normal.” Cars are how we built our entire country. And so we turn our attention to the easy target – the new kid on the block. The same old playbook: panic, overreact, and legislate the hell out of it.
Sure, an e-bike might startle you on a sidewalk. But a car can climb that sidewalk and end your life. Which one do we really need to be afraid of?
This isn’t a strawman argument, either. Cars are literally used as mass casualty weapons. It happens all the time. It happened last night in Los Angeles when a disgruntled car driver deliberately plowed into a crowd outside a nightclub, injuring over 30 people. And that wasn’t the only car attack yesterday. Another car rammed into pedestrians on a sidewalk in NYC yesterday morning, leaving multiple pedestrians dead. These aren’t exceptions. This is the normal daily news in the US. It’s depressing, but it bears repeating. This is normal. These are everyday occurrences. Twice a day, yesterday.
While we’re busy debating throttle limits and helmet rules for e-bikes, maybe we should also talk about how tens of millions of drivers still routinely speed, blow stop signs, or scroll Instagram at 45 mph in a school zone. Or how car crashes are the number one killer of teenagers in America. Or we can continue to focus on the kid who forgot to put his foot down at a red light while riding an e-bike to school.
This isn’t satire anymore – it’s just sad. It’s a collective willingness to avoid a real, genuine threat to Americans while simultaneously scapegoating what is, by comparison, a non-threat.
The truth is, electric bikes aren’t the menace. They’re a solution. They’re one of the few glimmers of hope in a transportation system drowning in pollution, congestion, and daily tragedy. They make mobility cheaper, cleaner, and more accessible. And yet we treat them like an invasive species because they disrupt the dominance of the automobile.
It’s time to stop pretending we’re protecting the public from some great e-bike emergency. The real emergency is that we’ve accepted cars killing people as a fair trade for getting to Target five minutes faster.
So yes, let’s make e-biking safer. Let’s educate riders, build better bike infrastructure, and enforce traffic rules fairly. Those are all important things. We absolutely SHOULD invest in training programs to educate teens on safe riding. We absolutely SHOULD cite and fine dangerous riders who could threaten the lives of pedestrians. But let’s stop pretending that e-bikes are the problem when they’re clearly a symptom of a much bigger one.
If you’re really worried about the dangers on our streets, don’t look for the kid on the e-bike. Look for the driver behind them, sipping a latte and going 20 over the speed limit.
Now that’s the menace.
Image note: The first and last images in this article were both AI-generated, and represent everyday car/bike interactions
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