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The United Nations has said it is “impossible” for Palestinians to move to the south of Gaza in the next 24 hours, after citizens were ordered to evacuate by Israel’s military.

It came as the UN’s Palestinian refugee agency warned Gaza was becoming a “hell hole” and was on the “brink of collapse”.

The evacuation order is the strongest hint yet from Israel that it is preparing to launch a ground offensive on Gaza almost a week after Hamas’s surprise assault.

It also began dropping leaflets written in Arabic into the Gaza Strip urging people in the north of the area to move south across the Wadi Gaza – a piece of coastal wetland with a river running through the middle.

Leaflet
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A leaflet urging civilians in the north of Gaza Strip to evacuate to the south

UN officials in Gaza “were informed by their liaison officers in the Israeli military that the entire population of Gaza north of Wadi Gaza should relocate to southern Gaza within the next 24 hours,” UN spokesman Stephane Dujarric said in a statement in New York.

“This amounts to approximately 1.1 million people,” he added, or nearly half of Gaza’s 2.3 million population.

Mr Dujarric said the UN “considers it impossible for such a movement to take place without devastating humanitarian consequences”.

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Warning leaflets drop in Gaza

It came after the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) said “this evacuation is for your own safety”, but in response, Hamas has called the warning “fake propaganda” and urged Palestinians “not to fall for it”.

The UN has appealed for the order to be rescinded to avoid turning “what is already a tragedy into a calamitous situation”.

Israel ‘strikes Syrian airports’ – follow live conflict updates

A map showing the evacuation zone of northern Gaza down to the Wadi Gaza.
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A map showing the evacuation area of northern Gaza, including Gaza City, down to the Wadi Gaza

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‘This evacuation is for your own safety’

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas told US Secretary of State Antony Blinken in Amman on Friday that he “rejects the forced displacement” of Palestinians in Gaza, the official Palestinian news agency WAFA reported.

He said such an event would constitute a “second Nakba” – referring to the mass displacement of Palestinians in the 1948 war surrounding Israel’s creation – adding that humanitarian corridors must be allowed in the blockaded coastal enclave immediately to prevent a humanitarian disaster.

The Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) called for an “immediate intervention” from the international community to prevent a “humanitarian catastrophe”.

“We don’t have the means to evacuate the sick and the wounded people in our hospitals or the elderly and the disabled,” a spokesperson for the humanitarian group said.

Palestinians flee their houses heading toward the southern part of Gaza Strip after Israel's call for more than 1 million civilians in northern Gaza to move south within 24 hours, amid the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in Gaza City October 13, 2023. REUTERS/Ahmed Zakot
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Palestinians flee their homes heading toward the southern part of the Gaza Strip

Palestinians flee their houses heading toward the southern part of Gaza Strip after Israel's call for more than 1 million civilians in northern Gaza to move south within 24 hours, amid the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in Gaza City October 13, 2023. REUTERS/Ahmed Zakot

The World Health Organisation (WHO) said local health authorities in Gaza had informed its officials it was impossible to evacuate vulnerable hospital patients from northern Gaza within 24 hours.

“There are severely ill people whose injuries mean their only chances of survival is being on life support, such as mechanical ventilators,” said WHO spokesperson Tarik Jasarevic.

“So moving those people is a death sentence. Asking health workers to do so is beyond cruel.”

In other key developments:
• It’s “highly likely” Britons are among Hamas’s hostages, Defence Secretary Grant Shapps says
• Hamas claimed Israel killed 13 hostages with its strikes on Gaza
• Humza Yousaf’s mother-in-law shared a tearful plea from Gaza
• UK navy to send ships and begin surveillance flights over Israel
Several UK Jewish schools close for safety reasons

Israeli tanks head towards the Gaza Strip border. Pic: AP
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Israeli tanks head towards the Gaza Strip border. Pic: AP

IDF fires artillery shells into Gaza as fighting between Israeli troops Hamas continues
Pic:DPA/AP
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The Israel Defence Forces fire artillery shells into Gaza. File pic: DPA/AP

Sunak shows support as number of dead grows

Earlier, Rishi Sunak told Israel’s prime minister to “protect ordinary Palestinians” as it continues its fightback against Hamas.

A Number 10 spokeswoman said Mr Sunak “reiterated that the UK stands side by side with Israel in fighting terror” in his phone call with Benjamin Netanyahu, adding Hamas should “never again be able to perpetrate atrocities against the Israeli people”.

Read more on this story:
Why Israel is braced for Hezbollah attack from Lebanon
How negotiators will be working to free Hamas hostages

Smoke billows following Israeli strikes amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and the Palestinian Islamist group Hamas, in Gaza, October 13, 2023. REUTERS/Mohammed Salem
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Smoke billows following Israeli strikes in Gaza

Israel said a total of 1,300 of its people have died since Saturday’s raids as its troops continue to mass along the barbed wire fence ahead of a possible ground offensive on Gaza, with 300,000 reservists called up.

The country is targeting Hamas after the militant group carried out a wave of attacks in Israel as gunmen stormed the border and killed hundreds in their homes – as well as 260 others at a music festival.

Meanwhile, at least 500 children and 276 women are among the estimated 1,537 Palestinians who have died with more than 6,000 wounded, the Gaza health ministry has said.

What would the north Gaza evacuation look like if it happened in the UK?

The evacuation of approximately 1.1 million people from the north of Gaza to the south is equivalent to moving the population of Birmingham to the nearby town of Dudley.

It is approximately 10.5 miles (17km) from the northernmost point of the evacuation area, the Erez Crossing from Israel into Gaza, to the bridge over the Wadi Gaza.

It would take an average person around four hours to walk – and that’s without interruption and on the assumption that the route is well-maintained.

But the evacuation of northern Gaza involves moving hundreds of thousands of people through the already compact and densely populated streets of Gaza City.

The area also contains 11 hospitals, three compounds run by the United Nations and two refugee camps. All of them will need to be evacuated within 24 hours.

And there is the additional logistical challenge of navigating streets lined with rubble and burnt-out cars after days of retaliatory air strikes by Israeli forces.

White phosphorous used, human rights group claims

On the ground in Gaza, it has been claimed white phosphorous has been used as a weapon, which can indiscriminately burn people, thermally and chemically.

Human Rights Watch said Israel used the chemical in Gaza and Lebanon, claiming it had verified footage from 10 and 11 October, respectively, showing multiple airbursts of artillery-fired white phosphorus over the Gaza City port and two rural locations along the Israel-Lebanon border.

It said the weapon’s use “violates the international humanitarian law prohibition on putting civilians at unnecessary risk”.

Asked for comment on the allegations, Israel’s military said it was “currently not aware of the use of weapons containing white phosphorous in Gaza”.

Elsewhere on Friday, tens of thousands of people gathered in Tahrir Square in Iraq’s capital of Baghdad to show solidarity with Palestine.

Protesters also took to the streets of Iran – a key backer of Hamas – in support of the Palestinian people.

Supporters of Iraqi Shi'ite cleric Moqtada al-Sadr gather during a protest in solidarity with Palestinians in Gaza, in Baghdad, Iraq, October 13, 2023. REUTERS/Ahmed Saad
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A huge crow gathered in Baghdad, Iraq, on Friday to show solidarity with Palestinians

Supporters of Iraqi Shi'ite cleric Moqtada al-Sadr gather during a protest in solidarity with Palestinians in Gaza, in Baghdad, Iraq, October 13, 2023. REUTERS/Ahmed Saad

Jordan’s King Abdullah on Friday responded to Israel’s evacuation order, and warned its neighbour against any attempt to forcibly displace Palestinians.

In a statement published by the Royal Court, he said there should be no “spillover” of the ongoing crisis into neighbouring countries.

Jordan, which borders Israel to the southeast, maintains peaceful – though often tense – relations with the Israeli government.

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Inside the rooms where Israeli hostages will spend their first nights of freedom

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Inside the rooms where Israeli hostages will spend their first nights of freedom

A teddy sits on a bed in a bright hospital room. Beside it is a small fridge stocked with bottled water and Coca-Cola.

While the bear might make you think a child is about to arrive, this room will soon be welcoming one of the 20 Israeli hostages believed to be alive in Gaza.

With phase one of Donald Trump’s peace plan now under way, an entire nation is holding its breath for the return of the hostages, not least the medical teams preparing to receive them.

Gaza latest: Israel prepares for hostages’ release

Sky News was given special access to one of the teams in the Rabin Medical Center in Petah Tikva, a city north-east of Tel Aviv.

It was sobering and emotional, but also inspiring, talking to its doctors and nurses as they showed us around what one calls the “homecoming unit”.

A welcome sign and Israeli flag greet the returning hostages
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A welcome sign and Israeli flag greet the returning hostages


Director of Nursing Dr Michal Steinman took us into the light airy rooms where hostages will be allowed to recover at their own speed in private, choosing when and for how long they emerge, slowly reengaging with a world they’ve not known for two years.

She explained that each of the hostages – who are all men – will be given their own private room, where a gift basket filled with thoughtful items such as a teddy, a blanket, slippers and a phone charger awaits them.

The teddy is there to help bring comfort to the freed captives.

“Our research says each one of us has a child inside,” Dr Steinman told me. “We need something to pet and feel soft, and reassure them after the lack of senses for such a long time.”

Phones, she said, will be provided by the army.

Read more:
The hostages believed to be alive

Drones reveal devastation in Gaza

The bear is one of many small touches added to bring the hostages comfort in the coming days
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The bear is one of many small touches added to bring the hostages comfort in the coming days

The families will also bring items from home to make the area feel more familiar to their loved ones as they slowly adjust to freedom.

The men will also have access to other areas, including a private living space where they can spend time with loved ones or greet any visiting dignitaries. Their families will also be provided with rooms to stay in, as well as an area for the children of the hostages when they visit.

Medical equipment is kept in dedicated treatment rooms as part of an effort to make the rooms feel more like accommodation than a hospital.

One of the areas where family members can wait for their loved ones who have been in captivity to arrive
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One of the areas where family members can wait for their loved ones who have been in captivity to arrive

While the unit is pristine and ready for the new arrivals, it has previously been used to house other hostages released by Hamas.

Staff shared anecdotes revealing what may lie ahead. Dr Steinman told us of one released hostage who had had trouble not with sleeping, but with waking up.

“When I opened my eyes,” they had told her, “I was thinking that I’m still in a dream because there’s no way that I opened my eyes and I’m not in the tunnel. I thought, ‘it’s a dream inside a dream’.”

The hostages, she said, “can’t believe for the first moments they’re not in other place.”

A living space for the men and their families to relax in
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A living space for the men and their families to relax in


Dr Steinman found another freed captive “stuck” and standing still after opening the refrigerator.

“I told him, ‘It’s hard for you to choose?’,” she explained. “And he said, ‘I’m just amazed at the colours. All I’ve seen for 100 days is black, white and brown’.”

The professor reinventing ‘hostage medicine’

For the head of the centre, Professor Noa Eliakim-Raz, and her team, the return of the hostages will be the culmination of two years of painstaking work.

They have effectively reinvented what they call ‘hostage medicine’, learning from the treatment of groups of hostages received during this war.

Professor Noa Eliakim-Raz tells me she has been ready for this moment for a long time
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Professor Noa Eliakim-Raz tells me she has been ready for this moment for a long time

She is a serious and dedicated clinician. With professional precision, she told me of the challenges ahead, including the life-threatening risks of mistreating malnourished hostages held for so long underground.

Then she gave us a glimpse into the human side of their work.

“All the team, we’ve prepared for so long, I mean really, we’ve been in this for two years and all the time, we’re preparing and ready,” she said. “This ward that you saw is ready every day.”

How does she feel as the hostages’ arrival draws near?

“I feel very grateful, and I think that’s the strongest emotion, to be part of this,” she said.

Clearly moved, Professor Noa had to pause and collect her emotions, her eyes welling up when asked what she’d be thankful for most.

“I think being part of a small step,” she began, before pausing again. “A small step of making them feel hugged again and trusting the system.”

It will, she said, be a big relief when it’s over.

Professor Noa is writing a first-of-its-kind multi-disciplinary protocol for treating long-term hostages, literally rewriting the book on how to return them to normality.

Her department did not exist before October 7. In the two years since its inception, it has pioneered a form of treatment involving many different disciplines to maximise the chances of recovery.

The Rabin Medical Center’s staff believe the lessons they’ve learned will benefit doctors around the world in future.

But they hope never to have to use them on Israelis again.

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Drones capture staggering images of Gaza devastation – as people find nothing left

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Drones capture staggering images of Gaza devastation - as people find nothing left

Drones have been a common sight in Gaza for a long time, but they have always been military.

The whine of a drone is enough to trigger fear in many within the enclave.

But now, drones are delivering something different – long, lingering footage of the devastation that has been wreaked on Gaza. And the images are quite staggering.

Gaza latest: Chants of ‘thank you Trump’ in Hostages Square

Whole city blocks reduced to rubble. Streets destroyed. Towns where the landscape has been wholly redesigned.

Whole city blocks reduced to rubble
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Whole city blocks reduced to rubble

Decapitated tower blocks and whole areas turned into black and white photographs, where there is no colour but only a palette of greys – from the dark hues of scorched walls to the lightest grey of the dust that floats through the air.

And everywhere, the indistinct dull grey of rubble – the debris of things that are no longer there.

Gaza is full of people returning to their homes
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Gaza is full of people returning to their homes

The joy that met the ceasefire has now changed into degrees of anxiety and shock.

Gaza is full of people who are returning to their homes and hoping for good news. For a lucky few, fortune is kind, but for most, the news is bad.

Umm Firas has been displaced from her home in Khan Younis for the past five months. She returned today to the district she knew so well. And what she found was nothing.

Umm Firas returned to find nothing
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Umm Firas returned to find nothing

“This morning we returned to our land, to see our homes, the neighbourhoods where we once lived,” she says.

“But we found no trace of any houses, no streets, no neighbourhoods, no trees. Even the crops, even the trees – all of them had been bulldozed. The entire area has been destroyed.

“There used to be more than 1,750 houses in the block where we lived, but now not a single one remains standing. Every neighbourhood is destroyed, every home is destroyed, every school is destroyed, every tree is destroyed. The area is unliveable.

“There’s no infrastructure, no place where we can even set up a tent to sit in. Our area, in downtown Khan Younis used to be densely populated. Our homes were built right next to each other. Now there is literally nowhere to go.

“Where can we go? We can’t even find an empty spot to pitch our tent over the ruins of our own homes. So we are going to have to stay homeless and displaced.”

Read more from Sky News:
Nova festival survivor dies two years after girlfriend killed
Could the Gaza deal lead to something even bigger?

It is a story that comes up again and again. One man says that he cannot even reach his house because it is still too near the Israeli military officers stationed in the area.

Another, an older man whose bright pink glasses obscure weary eyes, says there is “nothing left” of his home “so we are leaving it to God”.

“I’m glad we survived and are in good health,” he says, “and now we can return there even if it means we need to eat sand!”

A man says there is 'nothing left'
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A man says there is ‘nothing left’

A bulldozer moves rubble
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A bulldozer moves rubble

The bulldozers have already started work across the strip, trying to clear roads and allow access. Debris is being piled into huge piles, but this is a tiny sticking plaster on a huge wound.

The more you see of Gaza, the more impossible the task seems of rebuilding this place. The devastation is so utterly overwhelming.

Bodies are being found in the rubble while towns are full of buildings that have been so badly damaged they will have to be pulled down.

Humanitarian aid is needed urgently, but, for the moment, the entry points remain closed. Charities are pleading for access.

It is, of course, better for people to live without war than with it. Peace in Gaza gifts the ability to sleep a little better and worry a little less. But when people do wake up, what they see is an apocalyptic landscape of catastrophic destruction.

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As food delivery drones take off in Ireland, here are the most popular items

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As food delivery drones take off in Ireland, here are the most popular items

An Irish start-up is hoping to have the UK’s first food drone delivery pilot scheme operating in 2026, subject to regulatory approval.

With a fleet of specially designed 23kg quadcopters, Manna Aero has carried out more than 200,000 food delivery flights in west Dublin, Espoo in Finland and Texas.

As the company aims to expand, its CEO Bobby Healy said the UK “would be our most important market in Europe. It’s by far the biggest delivery market today. We think our product maps really well onto the UK high street, particularly”.

The company operates in west Dublin, Finland and Texas. Pic: Manna Aero
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The company operates in west Dublin, Finland and Texas. Pic: Manna Aero

A local group is protesting against the drones
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A local group is protesting against the drones

“We’re actively in dialogue with both the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and with NATS (National Air Traffic Services), the airspace manager for the country. And we expect to be there next year,” Mr Healy added.

Manna has completed up to 50,000 deliveries in the D15 postcode of west Dublin since its trial started a year and a half ago.

The drones, which are almost fully autonomous, dart overhead at a cruising altitude of 262ft (80m), carrying everything from burgers and chips to fresh meat from a local butcher’s shop.

Coffee is the most popular order, Mr Healy said, but “we were really surprised that we deliver a lot of fresh eggs. I think people are trying to deliberately test us to see if we can deliver something as delicate as eggs, but it’s not a problem”.

Customers must ensure a landing zone – usually a back garden – is clear of obstacles.

This is checked by a human drone operator using a downward-facing camera, before the food is released. The packages descend on a biodegradable string, which is then severed.

“The average flight time is about three minutes. The advantage is that it’s quieter, it’s safer, it’s greener, and it’s better for business generally than the road-based alternative.”

But not everyone in the suburbs of west Dublin is so enthused about their new service.

Mark Hammond, from Blanchardstown, said the noise the drones make “is very stressful, absolutely it is. When it’s constant, you can’t relax. This is across the estate, it’s not just me and [wife] Florence, there’s a lot of concern about it”.

As the fourth quadcopter in an hour flew over their back garden, Florence said they “sound like helicopters”.

Another resident, Michael Dooley, is part of Drone Action Dublin 15.

Pic: Manna Aero
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Pic: Manna Aero

Manna Aero CEO Bobby Healy hopes to expand into the UK
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Manna Aero CEO Bobby Healy hopes to expand into the UK

He described the noise of the drone flights as “very, very bothersome. The drone, when it flies, has a very tonal, sharp, pulsing, intrusive noise. You’ll hear it coming from afar”.

When hovering at their lowest height, to release their cargo, Michael said the sound “is intolerable”.

Pointing to a study from Trinity College that found relatively low decibel levels, Mr Healy said: “We know from the science that we’re far less noisy than just general background urban noise. And we’re continually investing. We have new technology coming in, and propulsion and propellers.

“So I don’t think noise is the issue; I think perception is, like any new technology. We had this problem with cars, with steam engines, we had it with every disruptive technology – AI, 5G, you name it. There’s a natural concern to be understood. And I think over time it will be generally accepted.”

Read more from Sky News:
Nova festival survivor dies two years after girlfriend killed
Paedophile Lostprophets singer dies after prison attack
Police try to keep protesters apart at Gaza war demo

The packages are lowered to the ground using biodegradable string. Pic: Manna Aero
Image:
The packages are lowered to the ground using biodegradable string. Pic: Manna Aero

The Drone Action Dublin 15 group disputes the methodology of the Trinity College study.

Local TD [member of parliament] Emer Currie said that with worries about “a new M50 [motorway] in the sky”, it’s a balancing act in the area.

“We do have to be realistic about this. Yes, this is innovation and things are moving forward. But there are realities of the impact on a residential community that have to be taken into consideration. Innovation is important, but so is regulation.”

The Irish government recently brought in a drone policy framework, but critics say actual regulations and legislation remain sorely lacking.

Manna acknowledges the EU’s regulatory environment is more drone-friendly than in other parts of the world, including the UK and the US.

But should negotiations with British regulators prove fruitful, the company is determined to bring its service to UK consumers in 2026.

Companies like Amazon have started planning for drone deliveries in the UK. The company is one of six chosen by the Civil Aviation Authority to take part in new trials to expand the use of drones.

But Ireland’s regulatory framework is friendlier to drone companies.

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