Patients with long COVID have reported more than 200 symptoms affecting 10 organ systems, according to a new study.
Researchers surveyed 3,762 people from 56 countries who joined the Body Politic online COVID-19 support group and reported coronavirus-like symptoms between December 2019 and May 2020.
In total they reported 203 different symptoms, with 66 identified for the whole seven-month period.
The most common were fatigue, post-exertional malaise (worsening of symptoms after physical or mental exertion), and cognitive dysfunction – often referred to as brain fog.
Among the other symptoms identified were visual hallucinations, itchy skin, menstrual cycle changes, sexual dysfunction, bladder control issues, diarrhoea, heart palpitations and tinnitus.
Advertisement
The study, led by scientists from University College London (UCL) and published in the Lancet’s E Clinical Medicine, is the largest peer-reviewed research into long COVID symptoms so far.
Following the findings, UCL experts are calling for a national UK screening programme for long COVID and the widening of diagnostic tests beyond just cardiovascular and respiratory ones.
More on Covid-19
Although the new study did not measure the length of time patients were ill, a recent one has shown that one in seven people who test positive for coronavirus are still suffering symptoms 12 weeks later.
The UCL study was open to anyone over the age of 18 with suspected long COVID – including those who were unable to get a positive coronavirus test due to shortages early on in the pandemic.
Authors noted some limitations, including a bias towards people who were able to join online support groups, English speakers (91.9% of respondents) and white people (85.3% of respondents).
The results showed that 91.8% of those surveyed were still suffering symptoms after seven months and 96% after three months.
For those who were still ill after three months, the number of symptoms peaked at 17 in the second month.
People who were symptomatic for more six months experienced an average of 14 symptoms after the seventh month.
On average, patients suffered 56 different symptoms across nine organ systems.
The vast majority (89.1%) suffered relapses in their illness, most often triggered by physical or mental activity or stress.
Some 45.2% had to reduce their working hours compared to before they were ill and 22.3% were unable to work at all.
Commenting on the study, its senior author Dr Athena Akrami, neuroscientist at the Sainsbury Wellcome Centre at UCL said: “While there has been a lot of public discussion around long COVID, there are few systematic studies investigating this population.
“In this unique approach, we have gone directly to ‘long haulers’ around the world in order to establish a foundation of evidence for medical investigation, improvement of care, and advocacy for the long COVID population.
“This is the most comprehensive characterisation of long COVID symptoms, so far.”
She added: “There is now a clear need to widen medical guidelines to assess a far wider range of symptoms when diagnosing long COVID.”
Dr Akrami said that with “thousands suffering in silence” the study would help build resources and facilities for patients.
X
This content is provided by X, which may be using cookies and other technologies.
To show you this content, we need your permission to use cookies.
You can use the buttons below to amend your preferences to enable X cookies or to allow those cookies just once.
You can change your settings at any time via the Privacy Options.
Unfortunately we have been unable to verify if you have consented to X cookies.
To view this content you can use the button below to allow X cookies for this session only.
The Met Office said strong winds forecast from Monday evening through until Wednesday could cause disruption, with gusts of 50-60mph predicted widely and 70-80mph in some places.
A yellow weather warning for rain comes into force from 6pm on Monday, and will be in place until 2pm on Tuesday, covering parts of southwest England and Wales, and stretching to parts of Herefordshire and Hampshire.
The Met Office has also issued a yellow warning for high winds from Dorset to Cornwall and up to north Wales, in place from 10pm on Monday until 4pm on Tuesday.
It said transport networks could face disruption, with delays for high-sided vehicles on exposed routes and bridges, and coastal roads and seafronts affected by spray and large waves. Power outages are also possible.
For 24 hours from 6pm on Monday, up to 40mm of rain could fall in some areas, with 60-80mm of rain over Dartmoor and high ground in South Wales, which would amount to more than half the average monthly rainfall in December.
The predicted rainfall across southwest England and South Wales is expected to hit already saturated ground and could lead to difficult travel conditions.
An amber warning for wind has been issued for northwest Scotland on Tuesday, from 4pm until the end of the day.
Flying debris “could result in a danger to life” – and there could be damage to buildings and homes along with the risk of roofs being “blown off” due to the “very strong and disruptive winds”, the Met Office warned.
Forecasters added there was the potential for large waves and beach material “being thrown” across sea fronts, roads and properties.
There are also further yellow warnings for wind and rain on Tuesday across Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales and northern England.
Image: Weather warnings issued for Tuesday. Pic: Met Office
Yellow warnings for wind have been issued for Scotland and parts of northern England on Wednesday.
The Met Office’s deputy chief meteorologist, Steven Keates, said: “A deepening area of low pressure will approach the UK from the southwest later on Monday, bringing with it heavy rain and strong winds, which are likely to affect the UK between late Monday and early Wednesday.
“The exact track, depth and timings of this low are uncertain, which makes it harder to determine where will be most impacted by strong winds and/or heavy rain.
“This system has the potential to cause disruption, and severe weather warnings are likely to be issued over the weekend as details become clearer. We therefore urge people to keep up-to-date with the latest Met Office forecast.”
Former Radio 1 DJ Tim Westwood has pleaded not guilty to four counts of rape, nine counts of indecent assault and two counts of sexual assault.
The 68-year-old arrived at Southwark Crown Court on Monday, wearing a black hooded jacket, a maroon shirt and dark trousers.
Westwood stood with his hands clasped in front of him as he confirmed his name, before sitting down in the glass dock.
He is alleged to have raped women, kissed them and touched their bodies without consent.
The offences are said to have taken place against seven different women between 1983 and 2016.
Three of the alleged indecent assaults are said to have taken place at the BBC studios in the 1990s.
Westwood was granted bail, with the condition not to contact the complainants ahead of a pre-trial review hearing, scheduled for next December.
Last month, Westwood returned to the UK from Nigeria to appear in court.
He has attended five police interviews voluntarily since the investigation into the alleged offences began.
Westwood has previously denied all allegations of sexual misconduct made against him.
The charges
Charges against Westwood include an allegation of rape against a woman at a hotel in London in 1996, one count of rape from the early 2000s at an address in London, and two counts of rape at an address in London in the 2010s.
He is further accused of four indecent assaults in London in the 1980s, three indecent assaults at the BBC in the 1990s, and two indecent assaults in the early 2000s.
The former DJ is also alleged to have sexually assaulted a woman at a nightclub in Stroud, Gloucestershire, in 2010.
Westwood began his broadcasting career in local radio before joining Capital Radio in the late 1980s.
He moved to the BBC in 1994, working on Radio 1 and Radio 1Xtra for almost 20 years.
After leaving the BBC in 2013, he then joined Capital Xtra, hosting a regular Saturday show where he was referred to as “The Big Dawg”, before he left the company in 2022.
Retired footballer Joey Barton has been sentenced over X posts he sent to football pundits Eni Aluko and Lucy Ward, along with broadcaster Jeremy Vine.
Barton, 43, had been found guilty of six counts of sending a grossly offensive electronic communication with intent to cause distress or anxiety.
He was sentenced to a six-month prison sentence, suspended for 18 months.
The former Manchester City, Newcastle United and Rangers midfielder had claimed he was the victim of a “political prosecution” and denied his aim was to “get clicks and promote himself”.
But the jury decided Barton, capped once for England in 2007, had “crossed the line between free speech and a crime” with the six posts he made on the social media platform.
The prosecution argued that Barton, who has 2.5 million followers, “may well be characterised as cutting, caustic, controversial and forthright”.
Peter Wright KC continued: “Everyone is entitled to express views that are all of those things.
“What someone is not entitled to do is to post communications electronically that are – applying those standards – beyond the pale of what is tolerable in society.”
Barton denied 12 counts of sending a grossly offensive electronic communication with intent to cause distress or anxiety between January and March last year.
He was found guilty on six counts, but cleared of another six.
In one post in January 2024, Barton compared Aluko and Ward to the “Fred and Rose West of football commentary”, and superimposed the women’s faces on a photograph of the serial murderers.
He also described Aluko as being in the “Joseph Stalin/Pol Pot category”, suggesting that she had “murdered hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of football fans’ ears”.
The jury found him not guilty in relation to the comparison with the Wests, Stalin and Pol Pot, but decided the superimposed image was grossly offensive.
Another message allegedly suggested Vine had a sexual interest in children, after the broadcaster posted a question relating to the posts about the football commentators asking whether Barton had a “brain injury”.
The ex-footballer told the court the posts were “dark and stupid humour” and “crude banter”. He also said he had no intention of implying Vine was a paedophile.
This breaking news story is being updated and more details will be published shortly.