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The team from the Geological Agency of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) took samples of natural hydrogen gas found in One Pute Jaya Village, Morowali Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, 23 October 2023.

Nurphoto | Nurphoto | Getty Images

A global gold rush is underway for a long-overlooked resource that advocates say could play a significant role in the shift away from fossil fuels.

Geologic hydrogen, sometimes referred to as white, gold or natural hydrogen, refers to hydrogen gas that is found in its natural form beneath Earth’s surface. It is thought to be produced by high-temperature reactions between water and iron-ich minerals.

Hydrogen has long been billed as one of many potential energy sources that could play a pivotal role in the energy transition, but most of it is produced using fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, a process that generates significant greenhouse gas emissions.

Green hydrogen, a process that involves splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen using renewable electricity, is one exception from what’s known as the hydrogen color rainbow. However, its development has been held back by soaring costs and a challenging economic environment.

It’s within this context that momentum has been building around geologic hydrogen. Exploratory efforts are now underway in countries such as the U.S., Canada, Australia, France, Spain, Colombia, South Korea and others.

A photo taken on April 27, 2023 shows gauges that are part of the electrolysis plant of the geological hydrogen H2 storage facility ‘Underground Sun Storage’ in Gampern, Upper Austria.

Alex Halada | Afp | Getty Images

Research published earlier this month by Rystad Energy showed that 40 companies were actively searching for geologic hydrogen deposits by the end of last year — up from just 10 in 2020.

The consulting firm, which described the pursuit of geologic hydrogen as a “white gold rush,” said the hype stems from hopes that the untapped resource could be a “gamechanger” in the clean energy transition.

“I would say this is something relatively old and new in a way,” Minh Khoi Le, head of hydrogen research at Rystad Energy, told CNBC via videoconference. “The first project that found hydrogen was a while ago, but it never picked up from there, right? People never seriously tried to go for exploration.”

An accidental discovery

The initial discovery of geologic hydrogen occurred in 1987 in a small village roughly 60 kilometers (37.3 miles) from Mali’s capital of Bamako. A failed attempt to drill for water by Canada’s Hydroma hit upon an abundance of odorless gas that was inadvertently found to be highly flammable. The well was soon plugged and forgotten.

Almost two decades later, subsequent exploration at the site found geologic reservoirs containing nearly pure hydrogen gas. Today, the resource is being used to provide power to the Malian village of Bourakébougou.

Last year, researchers found what may be the world’s largest geologic hydrogen deposit to date in France’s eastern Lorraine region. The unexpected discovery further boosted interest in its clean energy potential.

A man is seen in a pirogue on the Niger River in Bamako, Mali on January 26, 2024.

Ousmane Makaveli | Afp | Getty Images

Geoffrey Ellis, a research geologist at the Energy Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), told CNBC that there could be a vast amount of naturally occurring hydrogen buried in underground reservoirs around the world.

Based on current understanding, Ellis said there is likely to be about 5 trillion metric tons of geologic hydrogen in Earth’s interior, although most of this is likely to be too deep or too far offshore to be economically recovered.

Nonetheless, Ellis said that just a few percent of geologic hydrogen recovery might well be enough to supply all projected demand for 200 years.

“The potential is there but we’ve got to do the work,” Ellis said via videoconference, adding that more investment is necessary to accelerate early-stage research and development.

The U.S. Department of Energy last month announced $20 million to support 16 projects nationwide to advance the natural subsurface generation of hydrogen. It said the energy resource could potentially produce zero carbon emissions when burned or used in a fuel cell.

If some of these numbers that certain institutes, like the USGS, about the potential volume that you can extract … come true, it can actually play quite a significant role.

Minh Khoi Le

Head of hydrogen research at Rystad Energy

“Natural hydrogen has created a lot of excitement at the moment but in terms of potential I think it is still a little bit uncertain because none of these projects have actually started producing or extracting hydrogen — except for that one in Mali,” Rystad Energy’s Le told CNBC.

Le said there were still “a lot of question marks around the whole story about natural hydrogen,” but there appeared to be “some substance” behind the hype.

“If some of these numbers that certain institutes, like the USGS, about the potential volume that you can extract … come true, it can actually play quite a significant role,” he added.

‘Sometimes we want to run before we can walk’

This photograph shows Lhyfe floating hydrogen production unit (R) past the Floatgen floating wind turbine (L), at the SEM-REV experimentation site off Le Croisic, western France, on June 26, 2023.

Sebastien Salom-gomis | Afp | Getty Images

Separately, the Hydrogen Science Coalition, a group of academics, scientists and engineers seeking to bring an evidence-based view to hydrogen’s role in the energy transition, said in a recent blog post that geologic hydrogen discoveries currently supply the world with less daily energy than a single wind turbine.

What’s more, the coalition says there are environmental concerns about the extraction process, and transportation and distribution challenges mean geologic hydrogen is not likely to be found where it is needed most.

“Considering findings to date, what we know about geologic hydrogen systems, and the fact that favourable settings appear rare, the odds of finding geologic hydrogen that can be extracted at the scale of large natural gas developments looks relatively slim,” the coalition said on March 14.

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Penske signs on to demo and sell a customized version of REE’s P7-C electric truck

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Penske signs on to demo and sell a customized version of REE's P7-C electric truck

Commercial EV technology developer REE Automotive has added some clout to its growing order book as global transportation provider Penske has signed on to help demonstrate the former’s PC-7 electric truck to its customers and help facilitate sales.

2024 is proving to be a fruitful year for REE Automotive ($REE) as the modular EV startup continues to take massive orders for its vehicles as it scales production. The company’s flagship model, the PC-7 chassis cab, began initial deliveries this past January after receiving certification from the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) – the first “x-by-wire” vehicle to do so.

In March, REE closed a public offering of ordinary shares totaling nearly $15 million while announcing a new collaboration with Airbus. Weeks later, the PC-7 became eligible for CARB credits, qualifying the EV for up to $100,000 in incentives for fleet customers while adding more sales potential to its order book, which sat at over $40 million as of October 2023.

Today, REE has announced a new partnership with Penske, which will help promote and sell REE’s electric trucks to its customers.

  • Penske electric truck
  • Penske electric truck
  • Penske electric truck

Penske, REE to share more electric truck plans at ACT Expo

Per REE, Penske Truck Leasing has signed on as a new partner to offer electric trucks “Powered by REE” to fleet customers across North America who are interested in going electric. The move adds potential to REE’s EV order book, which currently sits at around $50 million.

The PC-7 electric trucks Penske will promote have been fitted with a 16-foot DuraPlate body with a ramp from Wabash, who helped optimize the EVs to suit the needs of Penske customers. REE co-founder and CEO Daniel Barel elaborated:

Today’s announcement is a testament to the synergy between REE’s revolutionary technology and Penske’s commitment to leading in the transportation and logistics industry. This is the fruit of a long collaboration and incorporation of Penske’s voice of the customer. We are currently working on additional P7-C configurations to maximize utilization within Penske’s large product offering. By partnering with Wabash for this upfit, we believe that we were able to provide a superior product to Penske, meeting their requirements as well as expanding our roster of upfitters that can seamlessly integrate with REE’s platforms.

The “Powered by REE” Penske electric truck will be displayed at the REE booth at the ACT Expo in Las Vegas later this month. Furthermore, REE and Penske said they will hold a joint press conference during the expo to “expand on the collaboration.” We will learn more during that event, scheduled for May 22 at 12:45 PM PT.

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House Democrat presses oil CEOs for details of Trump’s fundraising dinner at Mar-a-Lago

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House Democrat presses oil CEOs for details of Trump's fundraising dinner at Mar-a-Lago

Rep. Jamie Raskin (D-MD) speaks during a House Committee on Oversight and Accountability hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, on September 28, 2023.

Mandel Ngan | AFP | Getty Images

The House Oversight Committee’s top Democrat asked oil executives to reveal whether former President Donald Trump had proposed a “quid-pro-quo” arrangement to them at a recent Florida fundraising dinner, according to letters released Tuesday by Rep. Jamie Raskin, D-Md.

The letters arose from a Washington Post report that Trump hosted the executives for dinner Apr. 11 at his private club, Mar-a-Lago. “You all are wealthy enough,” Trump reportedly told the assembled guests. “You should raise $1 billion to return me to the White House.”

The former president then reportedly told the oil executives that if they helped him win another term as president, he would reverse the Biden administration’s freeze on permits for liquefied natural gas exports, auction more oil drilling leases in the Gulf of Mexico and roll back rules on auto emissions.

The reporting raises “significant potential ethical, campaign finance, and legal issues,” Raskin wrote.

The issues “flow from the effective sale of American energy and regulatory policy to commercial interests in return for large campaign contributions,” wrote Raskin, who is the ranking Democrat on the Oversight Committee.

Raskin asked the executives to provide descriptions of any discussions related to policy proposals or campaign finance they had at the dinner, as well as any efforts by the CEOs’ respective companies to support Trump’s campaign.

A general view of Republican presidential candidate and former U.S. President Donald Trump’s Mar-a-Lago property, ahead of his watch party event to mark the Super Tuesday primary elections, in Palm Beach, Florida, U.S. March 5, 2024. 

Marco Bello | Reuters

The letters were sent to Chevron CEO Mike Wirth, ExxonMobil CEO Darren Woods, Continental Resources CEO Robert Lawler, Chesapeake Energy CEO Domenic Dell’Osso, Occidental Petroleum CEO Vicki Hollub, Venture Global CEO Mike Sabel, Cheniere Energy CEO Jack Fusco, EQT CEO Toby Rice and the CEO of major oil lobby American Petroleum Institute Mike Sommers.

A spokesman for the Trump campaign did not immediately respond to CNBC’s request for comment on the congressional request.

Trump would hardly be the first presidential candidate who made campaign promises to certain groups in order as he asked for donations.

But the wining and dining of executives from just one industry at a candidate’s residence, like Mar-a-Lago, raised eyebrows.

Corporations are prohibited from donating directly to presidential candidates. They can contribute to PACs and their employees’ can make private donations, but neither can do so if the donation is intended as a bribe in exchange for favorable treatment.

Despite Raskin’s demands, and his deadline of May 27 for responses, as long as Republicans hold the House majority there is very little that Raskin can do to force any of the oil execs to turn over information.

Nonetheless, Raskin’s decision to demand answers from Trump’s dinner guests could potentially benefit his fellow Democrats in a different way.

That’s because corporate executives typically go to great lengths to avoid becoming the targets of congressional requests for information.

The prospect of getting caught up in Raskin’s inquiry could potentially be enough to make some private sector leaders reconsider whether to accept an invitation to a small, Trump fundraising dinner.

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Toyota once again ranked as worst automaker on climate lobbying globally

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Toyota once again ranked as worst automaker on climate lobbying globally

Toyota has the worst climate lobbying score of any automaker, and the third-worst 2030 EV production plans, according to InfluenceMap’s annual report on climate lobbying.

Another year, another report showing how bad Toyota is for the environment.

Toyota has routinely ranked at the bottom of InfluenceMap’s climate policy engagement rankings, and this year is no different.

InfluenceMap routinely ranks automakers and auto industry associations based on how much they lobby to stop climate policy goals. These rankings don’t just show automakers’ EV plans, but also show how much each automaker is doing to try to stop governments from protecting the populace from pollution.

Some of this lobbying comes from automakers themselves, and some of it comes from their membership in trade associations, which aggregate the positions of several companies to increase lobbying power.

InfluenceMap looks at the actions of these trade associations across the globe, and ranks automakers based on how many associations they’re a member of, how many briefs they’ve filed in favor of or against various climate policy goals, and what their plans are for the future of their manufacturing.

This is broken down into an “organization score” (how much the organization itself lobbies), “relationship score” (membership in trade organizations and how positive their lobbying efforts are), “engagement intensity” (how involved in lobbying the corporation is), and what the manufacturer’s EV manufacturing plans total up to.

Tesla led the list, but only received a “B” score because of its low engagement intensity. While Tesla supports positive climate policy and is generally a member of groups pushing positive instead of negative climate policy, it doesn’t lobby as much as other organizations do (a situation that may be made worse by the departure of Tesla’s policy head in April).

Some other automakers were given kudos for occasional positive moves, like Ford, GM, VW and Mercedes. But pretty much nobody got what could be considered a passing score – with “C-” grades or worse for all but three automakers.

And as usual, the Japanese automakers are ranked among the lowest. The Japanese EV industry has been slow to electrify, putting an important national industry at risk. Nissan is the standout from amongst the Japanese, but it still did not receive a passing grade.

On production plans, most automakers score poorly, with only 3 of the 15 automakers analyzed having commitments compatible with the International Energy Agency’s target of 66% EVs by 2030. This number is necessary to have any chance of limiting climate change to 1.5ºC. Forecasts suggest the industry will only produce 53% EVs by 2030 at current pace.

Toyota does not actually rank last place on this measure – Honda and Suzuki are behind it. But given the intensity of Toyota’s negative climate lobbying, it gets the crown for worst automaker on climate once again, continuing the several years it has worn it.

For more detail into the rankings, read the full InfluenceMap report here.

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