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The death of Pope Emeritus Benedict marks an unfamiliar junction for modern Catholics.

He is the first pope since the Middle Ages to die after retiring from office.

His death will trigger public mourning but not the election of a successor which many are used to.

Former pontiff dies after Pope Francis revealed he was ‘very sick’ – follow latest updates

Pope Benedict XVI, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger of Germany, appears on a balcony of St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican.
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Pope Benedict on a balcony of St Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican

Pope Francis, elected in 2013 after Benedict stepped down, will continue in his role as the head of the Catholic Church.

As the world remembers the 265th Pope, it will also reflect on his time as one of the most powerful religious leaders on earth.

Members of the clergy familiar with Benedict say he was known as the intellectual pope.

“Benedict was a shy person. He loved books. He loved his desk, writing, reflecting. Bringing in beautiful German, and then also in other languages, his thought. But a lonely person. He was even telling people: ‘My true friends are the books’,” said Professor Felix Koerner SJ, theologian at Humboldt University in Berlin.

In 2005, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger became Benedict XVI, the first German to be elected Pope in a thousand years.

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Pope Benedict’s rise to the top and the controversies surrounding his reign

Queen Elizabeth II and Pope Benedict XVI (R) walk through the gardens at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh, Scotland September 16, 2010.
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Queen Elizabeth II and Pope Benedict at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in 2010

An uncompromising theological conservative, cardinals chose him as a “safe pair of hands” and while a hero to many traditionalists, his time in office was marked by several scandals.

The son of a policeman, born in 1927, as a child he lived through Nazi rule.

As a teenager he served in the Hitler Youth during the Second World War when membership was compulsory.

While his family opposed Adolf Hitler’s regime and he didn’t join the Nazi party, many in the Jewish community were concerned when he was first elected.

On a trip to Auschwitz death camp, he confronted Germany’s dark past.

“This is an historic trip as important as that of his predecessor Pope John Paul II,” said Rabbi Marvin Hier, founder and Dean of the Simon Wiesenthal Center at the time. “The fact that a German pope raised in Nazi Germany and who once wore the uniform of the Hitler Youth kneels in prayer at the site of the world’s greatest atrocity and condemns hatred is a repudiation of antisemitism.”

Pope Benedict XVI is pictured with fellow priests, his brother Georg Ratzinger and friend Rupert Berger, on the day that they were ordained into the priesthood in Munich June 29, 1951 file photo.
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Pope Benedict with fellow priests, his brother Georg Ratzinger and friend Rupert Berger, on the day they were ordained in June 1951

This wasn’t the only flash point.

In 2006, Benedict sparked outrage in the Muslim world when during a speech in Germany he quoted a 14th Century emperor saying that Islam brought evil to the world spread by the sword.

Protest followed as fury spread.

A nun was shot in Somalia.

He later had to issue an apology, saying he was “deeply sorry” for the reactions his address had prompted.

In 2009, the rehabilitation of a Holocaust denier outraged Jews, as well as many Catholics.

Later that year, he sparked further anger when he told reporters on his first trip to Africa that condoms exacerbated the AIDS and HIV problem.

Despite these missteps, among many conservative Catholics, Benedict was popular.

 1979 file photo: Pope John Paul II, left, poses with Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, who was elected Pope Benedict 
PIC:AP
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Pope John Paul II (L) , with Pope Benedict – who was then Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger – in 1979

As a cardinal charged with enforcing doctrinal purity, Benedict was given the nickname “God’s Rottweiler” for his uncompromising conservative views.

As Pope, he was respected for his deep faith and his work as a theologian, producing 60 books between 1963 and 2013.

“His strength was clearly how to express the Christian faith in a way understandable to modern human beings. That’s his message. That’s what he leaves us,” said Professor Koerner.

Child abuse scandals marred his time as Pope and continued to haunt him into retirement.

While his supporters pointed out that he removed hundreds of priests from the priesthood for abuse, others felt he could have done more.

“The number one challenge for Pope Benedict was the abuse crisis, which was just gaining in speed and spreading all over the world during his pontificate. And he did take several steps to begin to respond to that. But his critics say that he didn’t do enough in the time that he was the Pope,” said Luke Coppen, senior correspondent at the Catholic website The Pillar.

Pope Benedict XVI during the Sunday Easter mass 'Urbi et Orbi' (to the city and the world) benediction in Saint Peter's Square at the Vatican
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The Sunday Easter mass benediction in St Peter’s Square at the Vatican in 2012

In 2022, Benedict admitted errors had been made and asked for forgiveness after an independent report in Germany alleged he had failed to act in four cases of sexual abuse when he was Archbishop of Munich between 1977 and 1982.

His lawyers argued he was not directly to blame.

In 2012, scandal darkened Pope Benedict’s door again, when his butler was found to be the source leaking documents alleging corruption and feuding in the Vatican.

“Pope Benedict’s pontificate was undoubtedly marked by great corruption and dysfunction within the Vatican itself. And he struggled throughout his pontificate to deal with that.

“And many people think that, in fact, his pontificate went off course, because of all the issues in the Vatican that prevented him from focussing on his key strengths of preaching and teaching,” said Mr Coppen.

No doubt exhausted by the “Vatileaks” scandal and ongoing ill health, the following year, Pope Benedict sparked controversy again, this time becoming the first pope in 600 years to resign.

Pope Francis and Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI attend a meeting on the day of a consistory ceremony to elevate Roman Catholic prelates to the rank of cardinal, at the Vatican, August 27, 2022
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Pope Francis and Pope Benedict in August 2022

In his final address to the faithful he acknowledged the weight of the office and the Church’s problems.

Then, in an extraordinary chapter for the Catholic church he said goodbye to cardinals before retiring to a monastery in Vatican City.

“That was a remarkable step he made. And there hasn’t been a pope since the Middle Ages who stepped down. So he, as a fairly conservative person, was also opening a door to a world of today where people need not stay in office until they die, but where they can realise themselves ‘I’m too weak now to lead, so I need to step down,’ even as a Pope,” explained Professor Koerner.

Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI gestures at the Munich Airport before his departure to Rome
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Pope Benedict will be remembered ‘as a Pope of reflection and thinking’

After retirement, Benedict chose to keep wearing white, give interviews and not to revert to his old name; decisions critics claimed threatened unity in the church.

But the two Popes’ personal relationship was strong, with Francis referring to his predecessor as a grandfather figure and asking people to pray for his friend as his health deteriorated.

“He is very sick,” Pope Francis told worshippers in December 2022, asking the Lord to comfort him to the very end.

Today, Benedict XVI is remembered “as a Pope of reflection and thinking” as millions of Catholics around the world pray for the man who led their church for almost a decade.

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Sudan’s top paramilitary adviser says US calls to cut supply of weapons may ‘jeopardise ceasefire’

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Sudan's top paramilitary adviser says US calls to cut supply of weapons may 'jeopardise ceasefire'

A top adviser to the leader of the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, or RSF, has said US secretary of state Marco Rubio’s remarks on halting weapons supplies “jeopardise ceasefire efforts”.

In his remarks yesterday, Mr Rubio called for international powers to stop sending military support to the RSF, the paramilitary group which has been at war with the Sudanese Army since 2023.

“This needs to stop. They’re clearly receiving assistance from outside,” Mr Rubio said.

In a statement on X, Elbasha Tibeig, adviser to RSF leader Mohammed Hamdan Dagalo, dismissed Mr Rubio’s comments as “an unsuccessful step” that does not serve global efforts aimed at reaching a humanitarian ceasefire.

Mr Tibeig said Mr Rubio’s comments may lead to an escalation of the fighting.

The US, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Egypt – known as the Quad – have been working on ways to end the war.

The war began in April 2023 after the Sudanese army and RSF, then partners, clashed over plans to integrate.

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Last week, the RSF said they had agreed to a US-led proposal for a humanitarian ceasefire. Mr Rubio doesn’t believe the RSF intends to comply with that agreement.

“The RSF has concluded that they’re winning and they want to keep going,” he said yesterday.

He added that they’re “not just fighting a war, which war alone is bad enough. They’re committing acts of sexual violence and atrocities, just horrifying atrocities, against women, children, innocent civilians of the most horrific kind. And it needs to end immediately”.

Sudanese women who fled intense fighting in Al Fashir sit at a displacement camp in Al Dabba. Pic: Reuters/El Tayeb Siddig
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Sudanese women who fled intense fighting in Al Fashir sit at a displacement camp in Al Dabba. Pic: Reuters/El Tayeb Siddig

The war has killed at least 40,000 people, according to the World Health Organisation, and displaced millions more. Aid groups say that the true death toll could be much higher.

The RSF is accused of committing war crimes and crimes against humanity across Sudan since the war started. Most recently, there were reports of mass killings during the fall of Al Fashir, a city which was recently captured by the RSF.

A Sky News investigation into events in Al Fashir found thousands were targeted in ‘killing fields’ around the Sudanese city.

Grab from RSF social media channels in Al Fashir, Sudan
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Grab from RSF social media channels in Al Fashir, Sudan

Marco Rubio did not specify which countries he was referring to in his calls to halt arms supplies, but US intelligence assessments have found that the United Arab Emirates, a close US ally, has been supplying weapons.

Previous reporting on Sky News has supported allegations that the UAE militarily supports the RSF, though the country officially denies it.

“I can just tell you, at the highest levels of our government, that case is being made and that pressure is being applied to the relevant parties,” Mr Rubio said.

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Iraqi prime minister’s coalition wins parliamentary elections

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Iraqi prime minister's coalition wins parliamentary elections

A coalition led by Iraq’s prime minister has won the country’s parliamentary elections, Baghdad’s electoral commission has said.

Mohammed Shia al Sudani, who has led the Middle Eastern nation since 2022, was seeking a second term in power.

During the campaign, he attempted to portray himself as a leader who could bring stability to Iraq after years of crisis.

But many young voters saw the vote as a means for the country’s elite to divide the spoils of the country’s oil wealth among themselves.

Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al Sudani. Pic: AP
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Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al Sudani. Pic: AP

The coalition Mr Sudani leads received 1.32 million votes. Turnout was 56.11%, the electoral commission said on Wednesday.

Supporters of the prime minister held celebrations in Baghdad shortly after the announcement of the preliminary results.

Hamid Hemid hailed his victory, saying: “He is the number one in Iraq, and not only Baghdad.”

However, the result does not mean Mr Sudani will necessarily remain the prime minister.

No single bloc of parties won enough seats to form the government themselves, meaning a coalition deal will have to be struck.

In several past elections in Iraq, the group winning the most seats has not been able to impose its preferred candidate.

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After the last elections, which took place in 2021, a party led by influential Shia cleric Muqtada al Sadr won the largest number of seats but withdrew from negotiations to form a new government.

Speaking in a televised speech following the announcement of the initial results, Mr Sudani said: “The voter turnout is clear evidence of another success, reflected in the restoration of confidence in the political system.”

Iraq has been wrecked by violence and dominated by powerful Iran-backed militias since it was invaded by a US-led coalition in 2003.

Earlier this year, Mr Sudani travelled to London to negotiate a series of deals on the economy and diplomacy.

Speaking to Sky News during his visit, he insisted he was in control of Iraq despite the presence of armed groups using its territory to attack Israel.

He said: “We’re not embarrassed in any way, we carry out our duties to enforce the law, to maintain security and stability in Iraq and reject all means of violence. We won’t allow any side to dictate the decision between peace and war.”

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Ukraine ministers toppled amid embezzlement and kickbacks scandal

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Ukraine ministers toppled amid embezzlement and kickbacks scandal

Ukraine’s justice and energy ministers have resigned amid a major embezzlement and kickbacks scandal involving the state nuclear power company.

Volodymyr Zelenskyy called for the removal of Justice Minister Herman Halushchenko and Energy Minister Svitlana Grynchuk on Wednesday, with the pair later submitting their resignations.

The damaging scandal – fast becoming one of the most significant government crises since Moscow launched its full-scale invasion – has put top officials under scrutiny.

It could not come at a worse time for Ukraine, as Russia’s renewed attacks on energy infrastructure cause rolling blackouts and Kyiv’s outnumbered forces retreat under relentless assaults.

Svitlana Grynchuk file image. Pic: Reuters
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Svitlana Grynchuk file image. Pic: Reuters

Site of a Russian drone strike in Kharkiv, Ukraine, on 12 November, 2025. Pic: Reuters
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Site of a Russian drone strike in Kharkiv, Ukraine, on 12 November, 2025. Pic: Reuters

At the centre of the scandal, Mr Halushchenko and other well-known ministers and officials are alleged to have gained payments from constructing fortifications against Moscow’s assaults on energy infrastructure. Former Deputy Prime Minister Oleksiy Chernyshov is also alleged to have been involved.

Mr Halushchenko said he would defend himself legally, while Mr Grynchuk posted on social media: “Within the scope of my professional activities there were no violations of the law.”

The findings of a 15-month investigation, including 1,000 hours of wiretaps, were revealed by the same anti-corruption watchdogs Mr Zelenskyy sought to weaken earlier this year.

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Herman Halushchenko - file image. Pic: Reuters
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Herman Halushchenko – file image. Pic: Reuters

Blackout in Ukraine. Pic: Reuters
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Blackout in Ukraine. Pic: Reuters

These resulted in the detention of five people, and another seven linked to about $100m (£76m) in alleged kickbacks in the energy sector.

Ukrainian officials are scrambling for European funds to manage mounting energy shortages as Moscow targets critical infrastructure and natural gas production in an attempt to damage public morale.

The nation has been plagued by corruption since gaining independence, and Mr Zelenskyy was elected on a mandate to eliminate graft.

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Military procurement scandals also led to the ousting of Defence Minister Oleksii Reznikov in 2023.

Oleksandr Merezhko, a lawmaker with Zelenskyy’s party, said the scandal looks “really bad in the eyes of our European and American partners”.

He said: “Internally this scandal will be used to undermine unity and stability within the country. Externally, our enemies will use it as an argument to stop aid to Ukraine.

Volodymyr Zelenskyy,  Galushchenko and former Energoatom  CEO Petro Kotin. Pic: Reuters
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Volodymyr Zelenskyy, Galushchenko and former Energoatom CEO Petro Kotin. Pic: Reuters

“While Russians destroy our power grid and people have to endure blackouts, someone at the top was stealing money during the war.”

But questions remain over how high the alleged corruption goes.

The National Anti-Corruption Bureau, known as NABU, refrained from identifying the suspects.

But it said they included a businessman, a former adviser to the energy minister, an executive who oversaw physical protection at state energy company Energoatem, and others responsible for money laundering. It dubbed the scheme “Midas”.

The agency also accused eight people of abuse of office, bribery, and possession of disproportionate assets.

The investigation, which NABU said conducted over 70 raids, was welcomed by the Ukrainian president, who urged officials to cooperate with it. Energoatom said the inquiry didn’t disrupt its operations.

Situation on the battlefield
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Situation on the battlefield

NABU released excerpts of tapes in which the network, using code names and secretive language, discussed blackmail and pressuring Energoatom contractors to extract 10% to 15% in bribes and kickbacks in exchange for them to do business without facing internal blocks.

The network took advantage of a regulation enforced during martial law prohibiting contractors from claiming debts in court from companies providing essential services, such as Energoatom, which has annual revenues of around $4.7 billion (£3.6 billion). Four others worked to launder the money at a Kyiv office.

The tapes, which have not been independently verified, say about $1.2 million was handed to a former deputy prime minister, whom the plotters called “Che Guevara,” after the Argentinian revolutionary leader.

Ms Svyrydenko also said the cabinet submitted proposals to apply sanctions against Timur Mindich, a close associate of Zelenskyy, and businessman Alexander Tsukerman.

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